Verizon UniCERT
Security Target
Common Criteria: EAL2+ALC_FLR.2
Version 0.8
01-Apr-2021
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 2 of 105
Document management
Document identification
Document ID EAL2+_ASE
Document title Verizon UniCERT Security Target
Release authority Henk Van Wulpen
Product version Verizon UniCERT – v5.5.1
Document history
Version Date Description
0.1 25-Sep-20 Initial internal draft release.
0.2 23-Oct-20 Revisions based in initial comments
0.3 24-Nov-20 Updated table 2
0.4 30-Nov-20 Internal release
0.5 23-Dec-20 Updating as per T2005-3-EOR001 0.3
0.6 06-Jan-21 Updating as per T2005-3-EOR001 0.5
0.7 27-Jan-21 Minor changes for full consistency with the TOE
0.8 01-Apr-21 Changes to the TOE supporting software
Copyright notice
This document may be reproduced or distributed in its entirety, but the copying of only part is strictly
forbidden without the express prior written permission of Verizon.
Copyright 2019 Verizon
All Rights Reserved.
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Table of Contents
1 Security Target introduction (ASE_INT)...........................................................................................7
1.1 ST and TOE identification..........................................................................................................7
1.3 Terminology.............................................................................................................................8
1.4 References ...............................................................................................................................8
1.5 TOE overview...........................................................................................................................9
1.6 TOE description......................................................................................................................15
1.7 TOE delivery...........................................................................................................................26
1.8 Requirements on the environment.........................................................................................26
2 Conformance claim (ASE_CCL).......................................................................................................29
2.1 Conformance claim statement ...............................................................................................29
2.2 Conformance claims rationale................................................................................................29
3 Security problem definition...........................................................................................................30
3.1 Threats...................................................................................................................................30
3.2 Assumptions...........................................................................................................................31
3.3 Organisational security policies ..............................................................................................32
4 Security objectives (ASE_OBJ).......................................................................................................34
4.1 Security objectives for the TOE...............................................................................................34
4.2 Security objectives for the environment.................................................................................35
5 Security requirements (ASE_REQ).................................................................................................38
5.1 Overview................................................................................................................................38
5.2 SFR conventions .....................................................................................................................38
5.3 Security functional requirements ...........................................................................................39
5.4 Security assurance requirements............................................................................................61
6 TOE summary specification (ASE_TSS) ..........................................................................................64
6.1 Overview................................................................................................................................64
7 Rationale.......................................................................................................................................73
7.1 Security objectives rationale...................................................................................................73
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7.2 Security requirements rationale .............................................................................................76
Annex A Terminology.......................................................................................................................80
Annex B Audit events.......................................................................................................................93
Annex C Subjects, attributes, objects and operations......................................................................98
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List of Tables
Table 1 – Summary of TOE security features..........................................................................................12
Table 2 – TOE supporting software ........................................................................................................27
Table 3 – List of identified threats..........................................................................................................30
Table 4 – Assumptions for the TOE environment ...................................................................................31
Table 5 – Security objectives for the TOE ...............................................................................................34
Table 6 – Security objectives for the environment .................................................................................35
Table 7 – List of security functional requirements..................................................................................39
Table 8 – List of security assurance requirements ..................................................................................61
Table 9 – Satisfaction of TOE SFRs..........................................................................................................64
Table 10 – Threat rationale....................................................................................................................73
Table 11 – SFRs to security objectives mapping......................................................................................77
Table 12 - Terminology..........................................................................................................................80
Table 13 – CA audit events.....................................................................................................................93
Table 14 – CA operator audit events ......................................................................................................93
Table 15 – RA audit events.....................................................................................................................94
Table 16 – RA event viewer audit events................................................................................................95
Table 17 – RAX audit events...................................................................................................................96
Table 18 – KAS audit events...................................................................................................................96
Table 19 – KAO audit events ..................................................................................................................97
Table 20 – TOE roles ..............................................................................................................................98
Table 21 – Subjects and security attributes............................................................................................99
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Table 22 – Objects, security attributes and operations.........................................................................101
Table 23 –Receiving subjects and information flows ............................................................................103
List of Figures
Figure 1 – Example UniCERT deployment...............................................................................................11
Figure 2 – Certification Authority (CA) core component.........................................................................16
Figure 3 – Registration Authority (RA) core component .........................................................................18
Figure 4 – Key Archiver core component................................................................................................19
Figure 5 – Autoenroll solution component.............................................................................................20
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1 Security Target introduction (ASE_INT)
1.1 ST and TOE identification
ST Title Verizon UniCERT Security Target
ST Version 0.8, 01-Apr-2021
TOE Name Verizon UniCERT
TOE Version v5.5.1
Assurance Level EAL2+ALC_FLR.2
CC Identification Common Criteria for Information Technology (IT) Security Evaluation, Version
3.1 (Revision 5), April 2017, incorporating:
• Part One – Introduction and General Model;
• Part Two – Security Functional Components; and
• Part Three – Security Assurance Components.
Common Methodology for Information Technology Security Evaluation,
Evaluation methodology, April 2017, Version 3.1, Revision 5
Keywords Public Key Infrastructure, Certification Authority, Registration Authority, Key
Archival
Within the ST, references (see Section 1.4) are given as mnemonics within square brackets. Terms and
abbreviations are defined in the Glossary (see Section 1.2) or in [CC] Part 1.
1.2 Document organization
This document is organized into the following sections:
• Section 1 provides the introductory material for the ST.
• Section 2 provides the conformance claims for the evaluation.
• Section 3 provides the security problem to be addressed by the TOE and the operational
environment of the TOE.
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• Section 4 defines the security objectives for the TOE and the environment.
• Section 5 contains the functional and assurance requirements derived from the Common
Criteria, Part 2 and 3, respectively that must be satisfied by the TOE.
• Section 6 provides a summary of the TOE specification, identifying the IT security functions
provided by the TOE.
• Section 7 provides the rationales for the various sections of the Security Target.
1.3 Terminology
Terminology used in this Security Target is specific to the TOE and more generally a public key
infrastructure (see Annex A).
Readers are assumed to be familiar with the main concepts of a PKI system, in addition to a basic
understanding of cryptographic terms such as public and private keys, digital signatures and (X.509)
certificates. The reader is also assumed to have knowledge of the general concepts and principles of IT
security evaluation as described in [CC], Part 1.
1.4 References
[3DES] SP800-67 Rev 2 (https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/sp/800-67/rev-2/final)
[AES] FIPS-197 (http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf)
[CC] Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation, Parts 1, 2 and 3,
CCMB-2017-04-001-3, Version 3.1 Revision 5, April 2017
[CEM] Common Methodology for Information Technology Security Evaluation, CCMB 2017-04-
004, Version 3.1 Revision 5, April 2017
[DER] ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding
Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER) ITU-T Rec. X.690 (07/2002) | ISO/IEC
8825-1, (http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com17/languages/X.690-0207.pdf)
[DSA] Digital Signature Standard (DSS), FIPS-186-4 July 2013
(https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.FIPS.186-4)
[ECDSA] ANSI X9.62-2005, Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry: The Elliptic
Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA).
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[OCSP] Online Certificate Status Protocol, RFC 2560, (http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2560).
[PEM] Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Part IV: Key Certification and Related
Services (https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1424.txt)
[PKCS7] PKCS #7 v1.5: Cryptographic Message Syntax Standard, RSA Laboratories, March 1998
(https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2315)
[PKCS10] PKCS #10 v1.7: Certification Request Syntax Standard, RSA Laboratories, November 2000
(https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2986)
[PKCS11] PKCS #11 Cryptographic Token Interface Standard, OASIS Standard, v2.40 April 2015
(http://docs.oasis-open.org/pkcs11/pkcs11-base/v2.40/os/pkcs11-base-v2.40-os.pdf)
[PKCS12] PKCS#12 Personal Information Exchange Syntax, RSA Laboratories, v1.1, July 2014
(https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7292)
[RFC] RFC 5280, IETF (www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt)
[RSA] PKCS #1RSA Cryptography Specifications, v2.2, November 2016 (https://www.rfc-
editor.org/rfc/rfc8017.txt)
[SCEP] Simple Certificate Enrolment Protocol, https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-nourse-scep-19.txt
[SEC2] SEC 2: Recommended Elliptic Curve Domain Parameters, Certicom Research, September
2000, Version 1.
[SHA-1] (Part of) Secure Hash Standard, Federal Information Processing Standards Publication
180-4, August 2015 (https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.180-4.pdf)
[SHA-2] (Part of) Secure Hash Standard, Federal Information Processing Standards Publication
180-4, August 2015 (https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.180-4.pdf)
1.5 TOE overview
1.5.1 TOE type and usage
The TOE is Verizon UniCERT v5.5.1, also referred to throughout the document as UniCERT, is a software
product which provides all the (PKI-specific) functionality needed to implement a Public Key
Infrastructure (PKI) system.
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The primary function of a PKI system is to issue and manage digital certificates that allow other IT
systems to verify the identity of the holder. UniCERT provides all the functionality needed to implement
a PKI system, essentially a system that provides certificate registration, PKI management, a Certification
Authority, and certificate lifecycle management functions. The TOE can then be used to manage all the
keys necessary for a system requiring security for end users, such as a secure messaging system, or
secure use of Web browsers. UniCERT provides the ability to set up a centralized or a distributed PKI for
organizations of any size.
The TOE includes the following core components:
• Certification Authority (CA) core component. The CA core component is the CA Platform which
is responsible for the generation and issuance (i.e. publication or distribution) of certificates and
certificate revocation lists, and for the overall management of certificates and the PKI in general.
It includes a number of elements described in Sect. 1.6.1.1
• Registration Authority (RA) core component. The RA is the RA Platform which is responsible for
gathering registration information and revocation requests, authorizing requests, and handling
renewals. It also includes the WebRAO Servers and WebRAO Clients which allow clients to
interact with the RA remotely. The control over the functions the Registration Authority
components are allowed to perform is provided by the Certification Authority Operator
component. It includes a number of elements described in Sect. 1.6.1.2
In addition, the TOE may be configured with certain optional “advanced components” (other Verizon
products); however, only two of these components may form part of the TOE:
• The Key Archiver (KAS) which allows archiving of the cryptographic keys. It consists of elements
as described in Sect. 1.6.1.3
• The Autoenroll Solution. This component supports the automatic registration, generation, and
distribution of certificates for use with computers in a Microsoft Windows domain. It is further
described in Sect. 1.6.1.4.
• Various Utilities to assist the operators of the TOE. These are described in Sect. 1.6.1.5.
Although the TOE provides all the PKI-specific functionality needed to implement a PKI system, such a
system must be hosted on a hardware platform and must also include a Windows or Linux operating
system, a database management system (Oracle), a web server, and a browser.
UniCERT may be deployed in a number of configurations consistent with the requirements identified in
this Security Target where the deployed environment satisfies the objectives stated in section 4.2. Valid
configurations include the use of hardware security modules (HSMs) or smartcards and:
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• Deployment of all TOE components on a single platform;
• Deployment of TOE components across multiple platforms with or without multiple
components on a single platform; or
• Deployment of TOE components on virtual servers.
An example UniCERT deployment is illustrated in Figure 1 below. Those components shown in blue are
included within the scope of the UniCERT evaluation, and those in green (and the OCSP Server) are
external to the TOE.
Figure 1 – Example UniCERT deployment
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The combination of a correctly configured TOE and its operational environment (i.e. the non-TOE
hardware and software) is referred to as “the PKI system” throughout this Security Target.
1.5.2 TOE security functions
From a security viewpoint, the principal requirements of a PKI system are that it should:
• Generate and issue certificates and CRLs with a guarantee of authenticity;
• Protect all private keys that it uses (or is responsible for) from unauthorized disclosure or
modification; and
• Perform all tasks in a secure manner.
To meet these requirements, the TOE includes the major security features summarized in the following
table.
Table 1 – Summary of TOE security features
Security feature Description
Standard cryptographic
methods
Digital signature generation. The TOE implements standard digital
signature methods to:
• Allow the content of certificates and CRLs to be verifiable
and to prevent forgery and tampering;
• Protect the integrity of data (including certificates and CRLs)
when at rest and when in transit between components of
the TOE;
• The TOE allows TLS/SSL authentication of itself to the
Enterprise Server to ensure that the Enterprise Server only
accepts certificates published by a legitimate TOE.; and
• Protect the integrity of messages transmitted between
components of the TOE (which may or may not be hosted on
different platforms).
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Security feature Description
Data and private key confidentiality. The TOE implements standard
cryptographic methods for protecting the confidentiality of data and
symmetric keys when at rest and when in transit between
components of the TOE. The confidentiality of data is protected by
symmetric cryptographic methods and the confidentiality of
symmetric keys is protected by asymmetric cryptographic methods.
Certificate lifecycle
management
Certificate generation, renewal, and distribution. The TOE provides
the capability to securely generate or renew digital certificates, in
accordance with the operational policies defined for the TOE. The
Certification Authorities perform this function for the TOE’s own use
and for distribution to entities that include users, applications and
devices. Certificate generation binds the identity of an entity to a
public key with a digital signature.
Certificate status. The TOE maintains the status of digital
certificates issued by the TOE and allows entities to query the status
of digital certificates using the Online Certificate Status Protocol
(OCSP).
Certificate revocation, suspension, and expiry. The TOE provides
the capability to suspend or revoke digital certificates where
necessary, such as in response to suspected private key
compromise. The TOE publishes revoked certificates on a Certificate
Revocation List (CRL) in accordance with operational policy defined
for the TOE.
Integration with hardware
security modules and
smartcards
While the TOE provides a range of standard cryptographic methods,
the TOE may also be securely integrated with dedicated HSM
devices and smartcards that are PKCS#11 compliant devices. These
devices can be used for the delivery of cryptographic services to the
TOE and for physically securing private keys related to the TOE
components as required by the end user of the PKI system.
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Security feature Description
Key archival The TOE provides a secure key repository and retrieval capability for
end users’ private encryption keys; this enables an end user to
recover a key at a later date should the user’s copy of the key
become corrupt or lost. It also enables an organization to recover
encrypted data if a key/certificate owner leaves the company
unexpectedly.
PKI management The TOE provides a range of functions and utilities for secure
management of the TOE, and for establishing the public key
infrastructure implemented by the TOE.
The PKI infrastructure is implemented as a hierarchy of the following
components:
• Certification Authorities which provide the fundamental
functions of the CAs in issuing PKI certificates for the users
of the TOE,
• Registration Authority which provides a secure registration
service to the users of the PKI functions provided by the
TOE, and
• other TOE components as required.
Access to PKI management functions is subject to successful
identification and authentication of TOE users.
The TOE includes ease-of-use features and utilities aimed at
lessening the likelihood of human users making errors that may lead
to a violation of security policy.
Security audit The TOE provides automated auditing facilities that include
extensive capabilities for protecting, querying, and archiving of audit
records. The TOE supports assignment of authorized auditor roles
for the management and review of audit logs generated by the TOE.
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1.6 TOE description
1.6.1 Physical scope of the TOE
The TOE is a complex and flexible software product, and is comprised of several components,
sub-components and utilities for the implementation of a public key infrastructure system. These
components are described in subsequent sections.
1.6.1.1 Certification Authority (CA) Platform
The TOE CA core component is the CA Platform which is the nucleus of the PKI system. It consists of the
following sub-components:
• CA (i.e. the main CA server), which generates certificates and CRLs and stores them in the CA
Database (CA DB);
• CA Operator (CAO), which provides a GUI for authorized users to manage the PKI system in
general;
• Publisher, which distributes and publishes certificates and CRLs, using a variety of distribution
methods and directory formats, as well as stores them in the Published Database (Publisher
DB); and
• Certificate Status Server (CSS), which responds to Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP)
requests from other TOE components by providing real time certificate status information.
The CA core component and its external interfaces are illustrated in Figure 2 below. Sub-components
shown in blue are included within the evaluation scope. Those sub-components shown in green are
external to the TOE and not included within the scope of the evaluation.
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Figure 2 – Certification Authority (CA) core component
1.6.1.2 Registration Authority (RA) Platform
The TOE RA core component is the RA Platform which provides a registration portal for the PKI system,
and an interface to the CA component. It receives, verifies and forwards requests to the CA1
and sends
back the CA’s response. It consists of the following sub components:
• RA (i.e. the main RA server), which essentially acts as a router, transferring information between
the CA and other RA sub-components and stores the Registration related data to the
Registration Authority Database (RA DB);
• A number of Web Registration Authorities Operators (WebRAOs), each of which enables a
WebRAO user to authorize certificate and revocation requests. A WebRAO consists of Web
Handlers which are the routines managing the WebRAO interfaces, a WebRAO Servlets part,
which resides on the operational environment, and a WebRAO Client application, which may be
(and usually is) hosted on an external system;
1
Typically requests for certificates or certificate status information from an external system
Certification Authority Core Component
Certification Authority
Operator (CAO)
Publisher
Certificate Status Server
(CSS)
Certification
Authority
Database
Publisher
Database
Certification Authority (CA)
SQL
SQL
SQL
File
Interface
CMP SQL
To RA, RA eXchange, KAS To RA, RA eXchange, KAS
OCSP CMP
Enterprise
Directory
Validation
Authority
LDAP or
LDAPS
HTTP
Hardware Security
Module
Hardware Security
Module
PKCS11
PKCS11
Hardware Security
Module
PKCS11
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• A number of protocol handlers (Web Handler, Email Handler, SCEP Handler), which convert
requests received from an external system (in a variety of formats) into a common internal
format;
• RA eXchange (RAX), which provides a communication link between the RA, protocol handlers
and WebRAOs; and
• RA Event Viewer, which provides a GUI for authorized users to access audit records produced by
the RA sub-components.
The RA core component and its external interfaces are illustrated in Figure 3 below. Sub-components
shown in blue are included within the evaluation scope. Those sub-components shown in green are
external to the TOE and not included within the scope of the evaluation. Those sub-components shown
in red are explicitly excluded from the TOE. Note that the WebHandler servlets and JSPs, WebRAO
servlets and JSPs, and the WebRAO client application are all sub-components that are part of the RA
core component, but are shown outside of the component boundary to illustrate their deployment on
web technologies.
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Figure 3 – Registration Authority (RA) core component
The following protocol handlers and interface items are explicitly excluded from the evaluation scope
for the CA and RA core components:
• The CMP Handler (a protocol handler, not shown in Figure 3); and
• The UniCERT Programmatic Interface (UPI).
1.6.1.3 Key Archiver
Key Archiver provides a facility to archive and retrieve private keys and consists of the following sub
components:
• Key Archive Server (KAS), which securely archives - in a KAS database - private keys received via
the RA and KAO components. It also provides mechanisms to recover a key at a later date, e.g.
should (the original copy of) the key become corrupted, or should a cryptographic token on
which (the original copy of) the key is stored be damaged or lost; and
Registration Authority
Core Component
Registration Authority (RA)
RA eXchange
Registration
Authority
Database
RA Event Viewer
SQL
SQL
SQL
Web server
Hardware Security
Module
Hardware Security
Module
PKCS11
PKCS11
Hardware Security
Module
PKCS11
To CA, KAS
CMP
Protocol Handler
BRSP
Hardware Security
Module
PKCS11
Web
Handler
Servlet
Web
Handler
JSPs
UPI
BRSP
Web server
Web
RAO
Servlet
Web
RAO
JSPs
Client Platform
Web
RAO
Client
BRSP
Proprietary Protocol
over HTTP/S
To CSS
OCSP
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• Key Archive Operator (KAO), which provides a GUI for authorized users to manage the KAS.
The Key Archiver component and its external interfaces are illustrated in Figure 4 below. Sub-
components shown in blue are included within the evaluation scope. Those sub-components shown in
green are external to the TOE and not included within the scope of the evaluation.
Figure 4 – Key Archiver core component
1.6.1.4 Autoenroll Solution
The Autoenroll Solution supports the automatic registration, generation and distribution of certificates
to be used with computers in a Microsoft Windows domain. It consists of the following sub components:
• Autoenroll Handler, which is a protocol handler that handles Microsoft Autoenroll requests, but
differs somewhat from other protocol handlers in that it may be hosted on an external system.
Hence, it is not classed as an RA sub-component (but it does communicate with the RA
eXchange);
• Autoenroll Publisher, which functions in a similar manner to the CA Publisher sub-component,
but - because it needs to be co-located with the Autoenroll Handler - may be hosted on an
external system. Hence, the CA communicates with the Autoenroll Handler (via the RAX) rather
than with the Autoenroll Publisher directly.
Key archiver
component
Key archive server (KAS)
Key Archive Server
Database
Key archive operator (KAO)
SQL
Hardware Security
Module
Hardware Security
Module
PKCS11
PKCS11
To CA, RA
CMP
To CSS
OCSP
SQL
CMP
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The Autoenroll components and its external interfaces are illustrated in Figure 5 below. Sub-
components shown in blue are included within the evaluation scope. Those sub-components shown in
green are external to the TOE and not included within the scope of the evaluation.
Figure 5 – Autoenroll solution component
1.6.1.5 Support utilities
The TOE implements utilities that support all the components identified in sections 1.6.1.1, 1.6.1.3 and
1.6.1.4 to reduce the likelihood of misconfiguration or errors by TOE users. The support utilities are in
the scope of the evaluation. These utilities are:
• Database Wizard. The Database Wizard is used when first installing the TOE in order to create
the required Oracle tables (i.e. schemas), and to create the necessary database user accounts.
The Database Wizard is unable to modify data in the tables or the account privileges (but it can
be used to change a database account’s password). The Database Wizard does not implement
any of the TOE’s SFRs, and does not handle TSF data; it is provided solely to assist in the
installation and setup of the TOE.
• Database Upgrade Utility. The Database Upgrade Utility is used where the TOE requires new or
changed (Oracle) database tables (i.e. schemas) to be in place. The utility upgrades the existing
schemas.
• Key Generator. The Key Generator utility allows a CAO user to generate keys for TOE sub-
components that reside on a different platform from where the CAO is installed. The generated
Autoenroll Solution
component
Autoenroll handler
Publisher XML
Configuration
File
File
Interface
Hardware Security
Module
PKCS11
To RAX
BSRP
File
Interface
Enterprise
Directory
Validation
Authority
HTTP
LDAP
LDAPS
Autoenroll publisher
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 21 of 105
public key can be transferred to the CAO platform (using removable media) in order to create a
certificate, which can then be transferred to the TOE sub-component’s platform (again using
removable media). This is required where a TOE sub-component stores its keys in PKCS#11
compliant hardware that is not accessible from the CAO platform.
• Publisher Configuration Utility. The Publisher Configuration utility (also referred to as the
Publisher Configuration program) allows an administrator to configure the Publisher and
Autoenroll Publisher components of the TOE. This allows for the publication of certificates, CRLs
and ARLs to a repository (LDAP or OCSP responder) external to the TOE.
• Token Manager. The Token Manager allows a TOE user to manage personal secure environment
files (PSEs), PKCS#12 files, and PKCS#11 tokens, used in the PKI system. It is a stand-alone utility
that enables the user to view the contents of these files and tokens.
• Service Manager. The Service Manager utility provides an interface that allows a TOE user to
start and stop those TOE sub-components that provide a TOE service. For example, the CA, CSS,
RA and RA eXchange sub-components.
1.6.2 Logical scope of the TOE
The TOE consists of the UniCERT core components (and their sub-components), the “advanced”
components (and their sub-components), the utilities that are identified in section 1.6.1, and the
security functions as defined in this section.
1.6.2.1 Standard cryptographic methods
The TOE provides capabilities for the generation, destruction, export, splitting, and updating of
cryptographic keys associated with the PKI system, TOE components, and TOE users based on
standardized methods.
The TOE implements standard digital signature methods to:
• Allow the content of certificates and CRLs to be verifiable and to prevent forgery and tampering;
• Protect the integrity of data (including certificates and CRLs) when at rest and when in transit
between components of the TOE;
• Protect the integrity of messages transmitted between components of the TOE (which may or
may not be hosted on different platforms).
The TOE generates a digital signature for every X.509 digital certificate generated by the TOE, for CRLs,
and for some messages transmitted between TOE components. Digital signatures use a hash of the data
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 22 of 105
that is then encrypted using the private key of the TOE component. Other TOE components and entities
external to the TOE can verify the authenticity of certificates, CRLs, and messages using the public key of
the TOE components that generated the digital signature. Digital signature functions are based on
published standards and include the following algorithms in a range of key lengths:
• RSA ([RSA]) and the Secure Hash Algorithm ([SHA-1] or [SHA-2]);
• DSA ([DSA]) and the Secure Hash Algorithm ([SHA-1]; and
• The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm ([ECDSA]) and the Secure Hash Algorithm ([SHA-1]
or [SHA-2]).
The TOE implements standard symmetric cryptographic methods for protecting the confidentiality of
messages and data when at rest and when in transit between components of the TOE. These methods
are based on the following algorithms in a range of key lengths:
• Triple-DES ([3-DES]); and
• The Advanced Encryption Standard ([AES]).
Additionally, the TOE implements asymmetric cryptographic methods, namely RSA public key
cryptographic methods for protecting the confidentiality of symmetric keys whilst in transit between
TOE components and for key archival.
1.6.2.2 Certificate lifecycle management
The TOE provides the capability to register entities for digital certificates through a range of methods,
protocols and interfaces in accordance with operational policies defined for the TOE including:
• Email clients;
• Windows clients;
• Simple Certificate Enrol ment Protocol (SCEP), primarily used for routers and VPN devices; and
• Web browsers.
The TOE also provides an automated means for end users of a Microsoft Windows domain (both human
users and server components, such as domain controllers) to request certificates via the Autoenroller
and RA component of the TOE. Windows allows a user’s request for a certificate to be submitted
automatically when the user logs on to the domain; and when a certificate has been issued, a renewal
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 23 of 105
request can be submitted automatically shortly before the certificate’s expiration time (with virtually no
user involvement).
The TOE provides the capability to securely generate or renew digital certificates, in accordance with
defined operational policies, via Certification Authorities, for its own use and for distribution to entities
that include users, applications and devices. Certificate generation binds the identity of an entity to a
public key with a digital signature through the registration process.
The TOE maintains the status of digital certificates issued by the TOE, stored centrally within the
Certification Authority database. Through the use of the CSS, other TOE components are able to utilize
OCSP requests/responses to determine the current status of each digital certificate previously issued by
the TOE. The TOE also provides the capability to suspend or revoke digital certificates where necessary,
such as in response to suspected private key compromise. The TOE updates the status of certificates in
its database and publishes revoked certificates on a digitally signed Certificate Revocation List (CRL) in
accordance with operational policies defined for the TOE.
1.6.2.3 Integration with hardware security modules and smartcards
While the TOE provides a range of standard cryptographic methods, the TOE may also be securely
integrated with dedicated HSM devices and smartcards (another form of HSM) that are PKCS#11
[PCKS#11] compliant devices. These devices can be used for the delivery of cryptographic services to
the TOE and for securing of private keys related to the TOE components as required by the end user of
the PKI system.
The use of HSM devices reduces the potential for the exposure of the private key associated with TOE
components. Those components that can be integrated with a HSM are:
• Certification Authority;
• Certificate Status Server;
• Certification Authority Operator;
• Registration Authority;
• RA Event Viewer;
• RA eXchange;
• Protocol Handlers (including the Autoenroll Solution);
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• Key Archive Server; and
• Key Archive Operator.
1.6.2.4 Key archival
The TOE provides a secure key repository and retrieval capability for end users’ private encryption keys;
this enables an end user to recover a key at a later date should the user’s copy of the key become
corrupt or lost. It also enables an organization to recover encrypted data if a key/certificate owner
leaves the company unexpectedly. The Key Archive Server is under the control and management of the
Key Archive Operator component of the TOE.
1.6.2.5 PKI management
The TOE provides a range of functions and utilities for secure management of the TOE and establishing
the public key infrastructure implemented by the TOE as a hierarchy of Certification Authorities,
Registration Authorities and other TOE components as required.
The TOE provides management functions for:
• Managing the overall PKI implemented by the TOE (creation, export, modification, protection
and verification);
• Managing TOE components and TOE users (entities) within the PKI system and their certificate
lifecycles (as described in section 1.6.2.2);
• Managing groups of TOE components within the PKI system under common authorization and
registration paths for certificate lifecycle management functions (as described in section
1.6.2.2);
• Viewing and modifying the authorizations assigned to TOE users;
• Viewing and modifying the TOE configuration (and TOE component configurations) and
registration policies;
• Querying and archiving audit records;
• Cloning the CA, CSS, KAS, RAX and RA components of the TOE for load balancing and failover;
and
• Archiving and recovering private encryption keys.
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To access the management functions, a TOE user with a defined role must first be identified and
authenticated within the PKI system, with TOE users only able to access those PKI management
functions authorized by their role. The TOE includes ease-of-use features and utilities aimed at
lessening the likelihood of human users making errors that may lead to a violation of security policy.
These utilities have been described previously in Section 1.6.1.5.
1.6.2.6 Secure registration
The TOE implements optional LDAP over TLS/SSL authentication of the Published and the Enterprise
Directory to ensure that the Enterprise Directory only accepts authentic certificates from the TOE. The
administrator of the TOE may configure the authentication to take place.
1.6.2.7 Security audit
The TOE provides automated auditing facilities that include extensive capabilities for protecting,
querying, and archiving of audit records. Audit records are generated by the TOE for the following TOE
sub-components:
• CA;
• CAO;
• CSS;
• RA;
• RA Event Viewer;
• RA eXchange;
• Key Archive Server; and
• Key Archive Operator.
Audit records are digitally signed when they are created (so unauthorized modifications can be
detected) and written to the database associated with the component that generated the audit event.
The TOE supports assignment of authorized auditor roles to TOE users for the management and review
of audit logs generated by the TOE. Audit records can only be removed from the database(s) by
authorized TOE users (who have been granted explicit write-access) through the archive function. The
audit record archive function allows for the archival of logs in an extensible markup language (XML)
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 26 of 105
format to be stored outside of the TOE. Once audit records are archived, the TOE no longer maintains
control of these records and is unable to prevent their unauthorized access or modification.
1.7 TOE delivery
The TOE is delivered to the customer on a recordable compact discs (CDRs) that are delivered via mail in
a tamper-evident bag with a delivery note attached to it. The tamper-evident bag is a DHL shipping bag
with a unique ID. Once sealed, the bag can only be ripped to open which will ensure that the recipient
will notice any attempted tampering. A tracking email is also sent by DHL to the customer. The tracking
email includes information detailing the delivery and bag contents.
Upon receipt of the bag, the customer is required to check the tamper-evident bag to ensure that it has
not been opened or otherwise tampered with, and to check that the ID of the tamper-evident bag (bag
number) matches the information provided in both the delivery note and DHL’s tracking email (sent
directly to the customer) to ensure that the tamper-evident bag was not replaced with another one.
1.8 Requirements on the environment
The operational environment consists of the non-TOE hardware and software that the TOE requires in
order to function. It may also include HSMs and smart cards that meet certain certification
requirements.
The TOE requires the following from the environment to deliver its functions. While the TOE requires
operating systems, web servers, servlet managers, web browsers and database management systems
for its operations, these are not and do not form part of the TOE.
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Table 2 – TOE supporting software
Type Description
Server operating system Microsoft Windows Server platforms, for Windows components (CAO, RA
Auditor, WebRAO, Webhandler, Autoenrol)
• Windows Server 2012
• Windows Server 2016
Unix platforms, for Linux components (CA, protocol handlers, Service
Manager…)
• CentOS v7.8 x64 (or later)
• Redhat Enterprise Linux and CentOS v7.8 x64 (or later)
Client operating system Microsoft Windows Server platforms, for Windows components (CAO, RA
Auditor, WebRAO)
• Windows 8.1
• Windows 10
Web servers and servlet
managers
• Apache v2.4.6 (or later) with Jakarta Tomcat v9.0.5 (or later)
• Internet Information System v7.0 (or later) with ServletExec v6.0
(or later); or
• Internet Information System v7.5 (or later) with ServletExec v6.0
(or later); or
Browsers • Mozilla Firefox v83.0 (or later)
Database management
systems
Oracle Database 19c:
• Linux server;
• Linux client;
• Windows client.
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Type Description
Hardware The TOE requires the minimum hardware specifications for the OS, with
the following additional storage capacities:
• 5.5 GB data storage for Oracle DBMS and Oracle data; and
• 1500MB data storage for TOE components.
The TOE may also be integrated with hardware security modules. These modules must be PKCS#11
compliant to integrate with the TOE and have a suitable level of security assurance in the following
functions:
• Cryptographic key management (generation/destruction);
• Cryptographic operations (digital signature generation);
• Identification, authentication and access control; and
• Physical protection.
There are a number of security objectives that must be in place for the environment as described in
section 4.2 to address the overall security problem defined in section 3. End users should ensure that
these security objectives are satisfied.
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2 Conformance claim (ASE_CCL)
2.1 Conformance claim statement
The ST and TOE claim conformance to Common Criteria v3.1 Release 5 Part 1, Common Criteria v3.1,
Release 5 Part 2, and Common Criteria v3.1 Release 5 Part 3. Common Criteria v3.1 Release 5 Part 1 is
fully identified in [CC Part 1], Common Criteria v3.1 Release 5 Part 2 in [CC Part 2] and Common Criteria
v3.1 Release 5 Part 3 in [CC Part 3].
The ST is CC Part 2 conformant.
The ST is CC Part 3 Augmented conformant.
The ST claims conformance to the following Protection Profiles and Packages: None.
The ST claims package conformance to the following: Evaluation Assurance Level EAL2 Augmented with
ALC_FLR.2.
2.2 Conformance claims rationale
The ST does not claim conformance to any Protection Profile. Therefore, the Conformance Claims
Rationale is not applicable.
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3 Security problem definition
3.1 Threats
Table 3 – List of identified threats
Threat Statements
T.DATA_COMPROMISE The confidentiality or integrity of user data or TSF data - which is not
being transmitted in a message - is compromised. This is particularly
serious if the data is a private key used by a TOE user; compromise of
a private key could lead to the production of certificates that cannot
be trusted, as well as compromise of other keys, or the masquerading
as an authorized user by an attacker.
T.MESSAGE_COMPROMISE The confidentiality or integrity of user data or TSF data - which is being
transmitted in a message - is compromised. This is particularly serious
if the data is a key which is being transmitted in a form that a
(potential) attacker could intercept, interpret, and use; or if the data is
such that the attacker could modify it in a manner that enables a
further attack on the TOE.
T.USER_ERROR A TOE user or a user in the TOE operational environment
unintentionally performs an action or commits an error that
compromises the confidentiality and/or integrity of data used by the
TOE in defining the PKI system or end user certificates generated by
the TOE.
T.REPUDIATE A TOE user or a user in the TOE operational environment denies
having performed an action that that compromises the confidentiality
and/or integrity of data used by the TOE in defining the PKI system or
end user certificates generated by the TOE.
T.AUDIT_LOSS An attacker gains access to the TOE’s audit records and then deletes or
modifies audit data in order to mask an attack on the TOE.
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Threat Statements
T.UNAUTH_CHANGE An attacker modifies the TOE, e.g. by replacing some or all of its
components with flawed versions that masquerade as authentic,
which compromises the integrity of the TOE, the defined PKI system
and/or the end user certificates generated by the TOE.
3.2 Assumptions
The following assumptions govern the operational environment of the TOE:
Table 4 – Assumptions for the TOE environment
Assumption Statements
A.AUTH_DATA_DISPOSAL Authentication data and associated privileges are properly disposed of
and/or removed as appropriate when no longer required within the
PKI system. This includes both removal (secure deletion) of data from
the PKI system, and the revocation of certificates. (For example, if CAO
users leave the organization that runs the PKI system, then their
certificate should be revoked and their private key securely destroyed.
Similarly, if it is suspected that a private key has been compromised,
then the associated certificate should be promptly suspended or
revoked.)
A.AUDIT_REVIEW Authorized auditor(s) regularly review audit records produced by the
TOE, respond promptly to any indication of an attempted or actual
security breach, and ensure that audit records are regularly archived
to prevent audit data storage exhaustion.
A.COMPETENT_USERS All (human) TOE users and those users managing the operational
environment are competent, either by training or experience, to
manage, operate and use the PKI system, and to maintain the security
and privacy of the data it handles.
A.TRUSTED_USERS All (human) TOE users and those users managing the operational
environment are trusted, as far as is reasonably possible, not to abuse
the PKI system facilities that they are authorized to use; in particular,
they are trusted to not install or execute malicious software within the
PKI system.
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Assumption Statements
A.SECURE_INSTALL The (human) TOE users and those users managing the operational
environment install, configure and maintain the PKI system securely,
i.e. in accordance with all relevant guidance documentation.
A.COMMS_PROTECTION There is adequate logical and physical protection on the
communication channels used by the TOE. The protection extends to
the boundary of the PKI system, and includes the use of firewall(s) to
prevent unauthorized access to the PKI system via a communication
channel.
A.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION The PKI system has adequate physical protection against, in particular,
unauthorized physical access by potential attackers.
A.TIME_SOURCE There is a trusted, accurate, and reliable time source within the PKI
system that may be used to timestamp TOE audit records.
A.ACCOUNTABILITY The PKI system is configured and operated such that individual
administrators or users can be held accountable for their actions.
A.ROLE_SEPARATION The PKI system is configured and operated such that any separation of
roles (as recommended in guidance documentation) is maintained.
A.HSM Any HSM that will be integrated with the TOE is PKCS#11 compliant
and the following security features are suitably assured:
• Cryptographic key management (generation/destruction);
• Cryptographic operations (digital signature generation);
• Identification, authentication and access control;
• Physical protection; and
• Secure data exchange between the TOE and the HSM.
3.3 Organisational security policies
There are no organisational security policies defined for the TOE.
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4 Security objectives (ASE_OBJ)
4.1 Security objectives for the TOE
Table 5 – Security objectives for the TOE
Identifier Objective statements
O.PROTECT_DATA The TOE shall protect the confidentiality and integrity of TSF data
and/or user data that is stored under the control of the TOE.
O.PROTECT_MESSAGE The TOE shall protect the confidentiality and integrity of TSF data
and/or user data which is being transmitted in a message.
O.EVIDENCE_OF_ORIGIN The TOE shall provide evidence of the origin of certain messages
produced by the CA, RA eXchange, protocol handlers and web
components of the TOE.
O.CRYPTOGRAPHY The TOE shall provide cryptographic functions (algorithms and
parameters) for the following operations:
• TLS/SSL authentication of the TOE to the Enterprise Directory;
• Authentication (creating and verifying digital signatures,
hashing);
• Encryption and decryption; and
• Key management (key generation, storage, access, and
destruction).
O.PASSPHRASE The TOE shall enforce quality standards on the passphrases used for the
protection of private keys and other sensitive TSF or user data.
O.AUDIT The TOE shall record details of security-related events in audit records,
provide the means for authorized TOE users to review these records,
and provide secure storage of audit records.
O.PROTECTED_CONFIG The TOE shall protect the TSF configuration from unauthorized
modification.
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Identifier Objective statements
O.PROTECTED_AUDIT The TOE shall be capable of detecting unauthorized modification of
audit records, and to preventing unauthorized deletion of audit records.
4.2 Security objectives for the environment
Table 6 – Security objectives for the environment
Identifier Objective statements
OE.AUTH_DATA_DISPOSAL The operational environment shall include procedures to ensure that
authentication data and associated privileges are properly disposed of
and/or removed as appropriate when no longer required within the
PKI system.
OE.AUDIT_REVIEW The operational environment shall include procedures to ensure that:
• Audit records produced by the TOE are regularly reviewed;
• Any indication of an attempted or actual security breach is
responded to; and
• Audit records are regularly archived to prevent audit data
storage exhaustion.
OE.COMPETENT_USERS The operational environment shall include procedures to ensure that
all (human) TOE users and those users managing the operational
environment are competent, either by training or experience, to
manage, operate, and use the PKI system, and to maintain the security
and privacy of the data it handles.
OE.TRUSTED_USERS The operational environment shall include procedures (e.g. staff
vetting and training) to ensure that all (human) TOE users and those
users managing the operational environment are trusted, as far as is
reasonably possible, not to abuse the PKI system facilities that they are
authorized to use; in particular, they are trusted to not install or
execute malicious software within the PKI system.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 36 of 105
Identifier Objective statements
OE.SECURE_INSTALL The operational environment shall include procedures to ensure that
(human) TOE users and those users managing the operational
environment install, configure, and maintain the PKI system securely,
i.e. in accordance with all relevant guidance documentation for the
TOE and non-TOE hardware and software.
OE.COMMS_PROTECTION The operational environment shall include measures and procedures
to ensure that there is adequate logical and physical protection on the
communication channels used by the TOE. The protection extends to
the boundary of the PKI system, and includes the use of firewall(s) to
prevent unauthorized access to the PKI system via a communication
channel.
OE.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION The operational environment shall include measures and procedures
to ensure that the PKI system has adequate physical protection
against, in particular, unauthorized physical access by potential
attackers.
OE.TIME_SOURCE The operational environment shall include a trusted, accurate and
reliable time source within the PKI system (for example, a time source
provided by the underlying operating system) that may be used to
timestamp TOE audit records.
OE.ACCOUNTABILITY The operational environment shall include procedures to ensure that
individual administrators or users, of the environment, can be held
accountable for their actions.
OE.ROLE_SEPARATION The operational environment shall include procedures to ensure that
the PKI system is configured and operated such that any separation of
roles (as recommended in guidance documentation) is maintained.
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Identifier Objective statements
OE.HSM The operational environment shall include procedures to ensure that
any HSM that will be integrated with the TOE is PKCS#11 compliant
and that the following security features are assured suitable for the
threat environment:
• Cryptographic key management (generation/destruction);
• Cryptographic operations (digital signature generation);
• Identification, authentication and access control;
• Physical protection; and
• Secure data exchange between the TOE and the HSM.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 38 of 105
5 Security requirements (ASE_REQ)
5.1 Overview
This section defines the security requirements satisfied by the TOE. Each requirement has been
extracted from version 3.1 of the Common Criteria, part 2 providing functional requirements and part 3
providing assurance requirements.
5.2 SFR conventions
Part 2 of the Common Criteria defines an approved set of operations that may be applied to security
functional requirements. Following are the approved operations and the document conventions that
are used within this ST to depict their application:
• Assignment. The assignment operation provides the ability to specify an identified parameter
within a requirement. Assignments are depicted using bolded text and are surrounded by
square brackets as follows [assignment].
• Selection. The selection operation allows the specification of one or more items from a list.
Selections are depicted using bold italics text and are surrounded by square brackets as follows
[selection].
• Refinement. The refinement operation allows the addition of extra detail to a requirement.
Refinements are indicated using bolded text, for additions, and strike-through, for deletions.
• Iteration. The iteration operation allows a component to be used more than once with varying
operations. Iterations are depicted by placing a slash “/” at the end of the component identifier
and a unique name for the iteration.
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5.3 Security functional requirements
5.3.1 Overview
The security functional requirements are expressed using the notation stated in Section 5.2 and
summarized in the table below.
Table 7 – List of security functional requirements
Identifier Title
Audit
FAU_GEN.1 Audit data generation
FAU_GEN.2 User identity association
FAU_SAR.1 Audit review
FAU_SAR.2 Restricted audit review
FAU_SAR.3 Selectable audit review
FAU_STG.1 Protected audit trail storage
Communication
FCO_NRO.2 Enforced proof of origin
Cryptographic support
FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation
FCS_CKM.2/publickey Cryptographic key distribution/public key
FCS_CKM.2/otherkey Cryptographic key distribution/other key
FCS_CKM.3 Cryptographic key access
FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
FCS_COP.1/asymmetric Cryptographic operation/asymmetric
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Identifier Title
FCS_COP.1/digitalsign Cryptographic operation/digital sign
FCS_COP.1/hash Cryptographic operation/hash
FCS_COP.1/symmetric Cryptographic operation/symmetric
User data protection
FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control
FDP_ACF.1 Security attribute based access control
FDP_DAU.2 Data authentication with identity of guarantor
FDP_IFC.1 Subset information flow control
FDP_IFF.1 Simple security attributes
FDP_ITT.1 Basic internal transfer protection
FDP_ITT.3 Integrity monitoring
FDP_RIP.1 Subset residual information protection
Identification and authentication
FIA_ATD.1 User attribute definition
FIA_SOS.1 Verification of secrets
FIA_UAU.2 User authentication before any action
FIA_UID.2 User identification before any action
FIA_USB.1 User-subject binding
Security management
FMT_MOF.1 Management of security functions behaviour
FMT_MSA.1 Management of security attributes
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Identifier Title
FMT_MSA.3 Static attribute initialisation
FMT_MTD.1 Management of TSF data
FMT_SAE.1 Time-limited authorisations
FMT_SMF.1 Specification of management functions
FMT_SMR.1 Security roles
Protection of the TSF
FPT_ITT.1/alldata Basic internal TSF data transfer protection/alldata
FPT_ITT.1/private-
secretkeys
Basic internal TSF data transfer protection/private-secretkeys
Trusted path/channels
FTP_TRP.1 Trusted path
5.3.2 Audit (FAU)
5.3.2.1 FAU_GEN.1 Audit data generation
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FAU_GEN.1.1 The TSF shall be able to generate an audit record of the following auditable
events:
a) Start-up and shutdown of the audit functions;
b) All auditable events for the [not specified] level of audit; and
c) [The auditable events specified in Annex B].
FAU_GEN1.2 The TSF shall record within each audit record at least the following information:
a) Date and time of the event, type of event, subject identity (if
applicable), and the outcome (success or failure) of the event; and
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b) For each audit event type, based on the auditable event definitions of
the functional components included in the PP/ST, [the information
specified in the contents column of each table in Annex B].
Dependencies: FPT_STM.1 Reliable time stamps
Notes: The operational environment (outside of the scope of the TOE) provides a trusted,
accurate and reliable time stamp for use by the TOE, as defined in
OE.TIME_STAMP; satisfying the FPT_STM.1 dependency.
5.3.2.2 FAU_GEN.2 User identity association
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FAU_GEN.2.1 For audit events resulting from actions of identified users, the TSF shall be able to
associate each auditable event with the identity of the user that caused the event.
Dependencies: FAU_GEN.1 Audit data generation
FAU_UID.1 Timing of identification
Notes: None.
5.3.2.3 FAU_SAR.1 Audit review
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FAU_SAR.1.1 The TSF shall provide [CAO Audit Manager, CAO Auditor, RA Audit Manager, RA
Auditor, KAO Audit Manager, KAO Auditor] with the capability to read [all audit
records] from the audit records.
FAU_SAR.1.2 The TSF shall provide the audit records in a manner suitable for the user to
interpret the information.
Dependencies: FAU_GEN.1 Audit data generation
Notes: None.
5.3.2.4 FAU_SAR.2 Restricted audit review
Hierarchical to: No other components.
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FAU_SAR.2.1 The TSF shall prohibit all users read access to the audit records, except those users
that have been granted explicit read-access.
Dependencies: FAU_SAR.1 Audit review
5.3.2.5 FAU_SAR.3 Selectable audit review
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FAU_SAR.3.1 The TSF shall provide the ability to perform apply [searches, sorting and ordering]
of audit data based on [queries as defined in the CAO documentation or RA
Event Viewer documentation or Key Archive Operator documentation].
Dependencies: FAU_SAR.1 Audit review
Notes: None.
5.3.2.6 FAU_STG.1 Protected audit trail storage
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FAU_STG.1.1 The TSF shall protect the stored audit records in the audit trail from unauthorized
deletion.
FAU_STG.1.2 The TSF shall be able to [detect] unauthorized modifications to the stored audit
records in the audit trail.
Dependencies: FAU_GEN.1 Audit data generation
Notes: None.
5.3.3 Communication (FCO)
5.3.3.1 FCO_NRO.2 Enforced proof of origin
Hierarchical to: FCO_NRO.1
FCO_NRO.2.1 The TSF shall enforce the generation of evidence of origin for transmitted [
a) BRSP messages from protocol handlers except the WebHandler:
i. Registration request messages;
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 44 of 105
ii. Renewal request messages;
iii. Revocation request messages;
b) BRSP messages from all protocol handlers:
i. Authorization request messages;
ii. Key recovery request messages;
c) BRSP messages between the WebRAO and the RAX;
d) CMP messages between:
i. The CA and the RA;
ii. The RA and the KAS; and
iii. The CA and the KAS] at all times.
FCO_NRO.2.2 The TSF shall be able to relate the [digital signature] of the originator of the
information, and [the entire transmitted message] of the information to which
the evidence applies.
FCO_NRO.2.3 The TSF shall provide a capability to verify the evidence of origin of information to
[originator, recipient and all other users] given [the PKI system’s Operational
Policy, the originator’s public key certificate and access to the certificate’s
status].
Dependencies: FIA_UID.1 Timing of identification
Notes: None.
5.3.4 Cryptographic support (FCS)
5.3.4.1 FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FCS_CKM.1.1 The TSF shall generate cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified
cryptographic key generation algorithm [AES, 3DES, DSA, RSA, ECDSA] and
specified cryptographic key sizes [
a) 128, 192 bit or 256 bit (AES),
b) 168 bit (3DES),
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c) 1024 bit (DSA),
d) 1024, 1536, 2048, 3072, 4096 or 8192 bit (RSA),
e) between 160 and 571 bits over Fp and F2m (ECDSA)
] that meet the following: [[AES], [3DES], [DSA], [RSA], and [ECDSA] and [SEC2]].
Dependencies: [FCS_CKM.2 Cryptographic key distribution, or
FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic operation]
FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
Notes: None.
5.3.4.2 FCS_CKM.2 Cryptographic distribution/publickey
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FCS_CKM.2.1/pu
blickey
The TSF shall distribute cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified
cryptographic key distribution method [
a. X.509 public key certificate in PEM format,
b. X.509 public key certificate in DER format,
c. X.509 public key certificate in PKCS#7 format,
d. PKCS#10 certificate request
] that meets the following: [[PEM], [DER], [PKCS#7], [PKCS#10]].
Dependencies: [FDP_ITC.1 Import of user data without security attributes or
FDP_ITC.2 Import of user data with security attributes or
FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation]
FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
Notes: None.
5.3.4.3 FCS_CKM.2 Cryptographic distribution/otherkey
Hierarchical to: No other components.
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FCS_CKM.2.1/ot
herkey
The TSF shall distribute cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified
cryptographic key distribution method [PKCS#11, PKCS#12, PSE (Verizon
proprietary)] that meets the following: [[PKCS#11], [PKCS#12], [PSE]].
Dependencies: [FDP_ITC.1 Import of user data without security attributes or
FDP_ITC.2 Import of user data with security attributes or
FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation]
FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
Notes: None.
5.3.4.4 FCS_CKM.3 Cryptographic key access
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FCS_CKM.3.1 The TSF shall perform [cryptographic key archival and cryptographic key
recovery] in accordance with a specified cryptographic key access method
[encryption using LTSK] that meets the following: [none].
Dependencies: [FDP_ITC.1 Import of user data without security attributes or
FDP_ITC.2 Import of user data with security attributes or
FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation]
FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
Notes: None.
5.3.4.5 FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FCS_CKM.4.1 The TSF shall destroy cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified
cryptographic key destruction method [memory overwrite] that meets the
following: [none].
Dependencies: [FDP_ITC.1 Import of user data without security attributes, or
FDP_ITC.2 Import of user data with security attributes, or
FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation]
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 47 of 105
Notes: None.
5.3.4.6 FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic operation/asymmetric
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FCS_COP.1.1/asy
mmetric
The TSF shall perform [asymmetric encryption and decryption] in accordance
with a specified cryptographic algorithm [RSA] and cryptographic key sizes [1024,
1536, 2048, 3072, 4096 or 8192 bit] that meet the following: [[RSA]].
Dependencies: [FDP_ITC.1 Import of user data without security attributes, or
FDP_ITC.2 Import of user data with security attributes, or
FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation]
FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
Notes: None
5.3.4.7 FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic operation/digitalsign
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FCS_COP.1.1/digi
talsign
The TSF shall perform [digital signature creation and verification] in accordance
with a specified cryptographic algorithm [
a) RSA and SHA-2,
b) RSA and SHA-1,
c) DSA and SHA-1,
d) ECDSA and SHA-2,
e) ECDSA and SHA-1
] and cryptographic key sizes [
a) RSA 1024, 1536, 2048, 3072, 4096 or 8192 bit and SHA-2 224, 256,
384 or 512 bit,
b) RSA 1024, 1536, 2048, 3072, 4096 or 8192 bit and SHA-1 160 bit,
c) DSA 1024 bit and SHA-1 160 bit,
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 48 of 105
d) ECDSA using curves between 160 and 571 bits over Fp and F2m and
SHA-2 224, 256, 384 or 512 bit,
e) ECDSA using curves between 160 and 571 bits over Fp and F2m and
SHA-1 160 bit
] that meet the following: [[RSA] and [SHA-2], [RSA] and [SHA-1], [DSA] and
[SHA-1], [ECDSA] and [SEC2] and [SHA-2], [ECDSA] and [SEC2] and [SHA-1]].
Dependencies: [FDP_ITC.1 Import of user data without security attributes, or
FDP_ITC.2 Import of user data with security attributes, or
FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation]
FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
Notes: The primary purpose of the TOE is to enable the establishment and management
of a public key infrastructure. Digital signature cryptography is a critical
component of the PKI systems that are established by the TOE providing the basis
for trust in the management of digital certificates.
5.3.4.8 FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic operation/hash
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FCS_COP.1.1/has
h
The TSF shall perform [secure hashing] in accordance with a specified
cryptographic algorithm [SHA-2, SHA-1] and cryptographic key sizes [none] that
meet the following: [[SHA-2], [SHA-1]].
Dependencies: [FDP_ITC.1 Import of user data without security attributes, or
FDP_ITC.2 Import of user data with security attributes, or
FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation]
FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
Notes: None
5.3.4.9 FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic operation/symmetric
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 49 of 105
FCS_COP.1.1/sy
mmetric
The TSF shall perform [symmetric encryption and decryption] in accordance with
a specified cryptographic algorithm [AES, 3DES] and cryptographic key sizes [
a) 128, 192 or 256 bit (AES),
b) 168 bit (3DES)
] that meet the following: [[AES], [3DES]].
Dependencies: [FDP_ITC.1 Import of user data without security attributes, or
FDP_ITC.2 Import of user data with security attributes, or
FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic key generation]
FCS_CKM.4 Cryptographic key destruction
Notes: None
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 50 of 105
5.3.5 User data protection (FDP)
5.3.5.1 FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FDP_ACC.1.1 The TSF shall enforce the [PKI access SFP] on [the subjects, object and operations
referenced in Annex C].
Dependencies: FDP_ACF.1 Security attribute based access control
Notes: None.
5.3.5.2 FDP_ACF.1 Security attribute based access control
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FDP_ACF.1.1 The TSF shall enforce the [PKI access SFP] to objects based on the following: [
a. subjects as defined as a role referenced in Table 20 and Table 21 of
Annex C with the following attributes:
i. Assigned Permissions
ii. Private key and associated passphrase to access the key
iii. X.509 Certificate
b. Objects and their associated attributes as referenced in Table 22 of
Annex C].
FDP_ACF.1.2 The TSF shall enforce the following rules to determine if an operation among
controlled subjects and controlled objects is allowed: [An operation by a subject
on an object is allowed to take place only if:
• The action is valid for the object; and
• The subject possesses the required permission for the action as an
Assigned Permission. ]
FDP_ACF.1.3 The TSF shall explicitly authorize access of subjects to objects based on the
following additional rules: [none].
FDP_ACF.1.4 The TSF shall explicitly deny access of subjects to objects based on the following
additional rules: [none].
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 51 of 105
Dependencies: FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control
FMT_MSA.3 Static attribute initialization
Notes: The Web Handler (subject) submits un-authenticated requests into the PKI
system. This subject has no need for a private key or certificate and hence these
attributes are not relevant for this subject. The means of I&A at any given time is
linked to whatever role is being adopted for that time.
The rule FDP_ACF.1.2 of the access control SFP does not apply to subjects that act
on behalf of the TSF itself, e.g. the CA (server), because such subjects are trusted
(to an EAL2+ level of assurance) to function in accordance with the TOE’s overall
SFP (i.e. to have been specified, designed and implemented correctly).
5.3.5.3 FDP_DAU.2 Data authentication with identity of guarantor
Hierarchical to: FDP_DAU.1
FDP_DAU.2.1 The TSF shall provide a capability to generate evidence that can be used as a
guarantee of the validity of [each certificate and CRL generated by the TSF].
FDP_DAU.2.2 The TSF shall provide [any subject] with the ability to verify evidence of the
validity of the indicated information and the identity of the user that generated
that evidence.
Dependencies: FIA_UID.1 Timing of identification
Notes: None
5.3.5.4 FDP_IFC.1 Subset information flow control
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FDP_IFC.1.1 The TSF shall enforce the [PKI messaging SFP] on [
a) Subjects
i. Subjects as referenced in Table 21 of Annex C
b) Information
i. Messages containing user data as referenced in Table 23,
Annex C
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 52 of 105
c) Operations
i. Operations as referenced in Table 22].
Dependencies: FDP_IFF.1 Simple security attributes
Notes: None.
5.3.5.5 FDP_IFF.1 Simple security attributes
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FDP_IFF.1.1 The TSF shall enforce the [PKI messaging SFP] based on the following types of
subject and information security attributes: [
a) Subjects as referenced in Table 21 of Annex C
b) Messages (Information) as referenced in Table 23 of Annex C].
FDP_IFF.1.2 The TSF shall permit an information flow between a controlled subject and
controlled information via a controlled operation if the following rules hold: [all
traffic between authenticated components of the TOE is allowed.].
FDP_IFF.1.3 The TSF shall enforce the [message authenticity for all information and
confidentiality for private and secret keys transmitted between components of
the TOE].
FDP_IFF.1.4 The TSF shall explicitly authorise an information flow based on the following rules:
[none].
FDP_IFF.1.5 The TSF shall explicitly deny an information flow based on the following rules:
[none].
Dependencies: FDP_IFC.1 Subset information flow control
FMT_MSA.3 Static attribute initialisation
Notes: None.
5.3.5.6 FDP_ITT.1 Basic internal transfer protection
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 53 of 105
FDP_ITT.1.1 The TSF shall enforce the [PKI messaging SFP] to prevent the [modification] of
user data when it is transmitted between physically-separated parts of the TOE.
Dependencies: FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control
FDP_IFC.1 Subset information flow control.
Notes: Providing reliable (i.e. available) communication channels is a function of the
operating environment.
5.3.5.7 FDP_ITT.3 Integrity monitoring
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FDP_ITT.3.1 The TSF shall enforce the [PKI messaging SFP] to monitor user data transmitted
between physically-separated parts of the TOE for the following errors:
[unverified signature for a message containing user data that has been signed].
FDP_ITT.3.2 Upon detection of a data integrity error, the TSF shall [logically disconnect the
TOE sub-component that transmitted the user data].
Dependencies: [FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control or
FDP_IFC.1 Subset information flow control]
FDP_ITT.1 Basic internal transfer protection
Notes: None
5.3.5.8 FDP_RIP.1 Subset residual information protection
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FDP_RIP.1.1 The TSF shall ensure that any previous information content of a resource is made
unavailable upon the [deallocation of the resource from] the following objects: [
a) private key material held in memory when a software cryptographic
operation (e.g., sign/encrypt) has occurred;
b) passphrase used to open PSE/P12 files or P11 devices].
Dependencies: None
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 54 of 105
Notes: Prior to deallocation, the resource (memory location) is overwritten with a
hexadecimal value of 0xFF per byte.
5.3.6 Identification and authentication (FIA)
5.3.6.1 FIA_ATD.1 User attribute definition
Hierarchical to: No other components.
FIA_ATD.1.1 The TSF shall maintain the following list of security attributes belonging to
individual users: [Role, Assigned Permissions (as defined in Table 21 of Annex C),
Private key and associated passphrase to access the key, Entity type certificate
extension, X.509 Certificate].
Dependencies: None.
Notes: None.
5.3.6.2 FIA_SOS.1 Verification of secrets
Hierarchical to: None
FIA_SOS.1.1 The TSF shall provide a mechanism to verify that secrets meet [
• All passphrases must contain a minimum of eight characters.
• Passphrases can contain non-ASCII (including foreign language)
characters.
• Passphrases consisting of all ASCII characters must contain at least one
lowercase letter, one uppercase letter, one numerical digit, and one
punctuation mark.].
Dependencies: None
Notes: FIA_SOS.1 applies to the CAO when exporting PKCS#12 formatted files.
5.3.6.3 FIA_UAU.2 User authentication before any action
Hierarchical to: FIA_UAU.1 Timing of authentication
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 55 of 105
FIA_UAU.2.1 The TSF shall require each user to be successfully authenticated before allowing
any other TSF-mediated actions on behalf of that user.
Dependencies: FIA_UID.1 Timing of identification
Notes: A user who has the ability to load the CAO or KAO may configure logging options
for the CAO or KAO (respectively) prior to authentication. Enabling this logging
allows for the specification of a text file to log debugging (non-security related)
information. The configuration of this logging does not however take effect until a
CAO or KAO authenticates to the TOE.
5.3.6.4 FIA_UID.2 User identification before any action
Hierarchical to: FIA_UID.1 Timing of identification
FIA_UID.2.1 The TSF shall require each user to be successfully identified before allowing any
other TSF-mediated actions on behalf of that user.
Dependencies: None
Notes: A user who has the ability to load the CAO or KAO may configure logging options
for the CAO or KAO (respectively) prior to identification. Enabling this logging
allows for the specification of a text file to log debugging (non-security related)
information. The configuration of this logging does not however take effect until a
CAO or KAO authenticates to the TOE.
5.3.6.5 FIA_USB.1 User-subject binding
Hierarchical to: None
FIA_USB.1.1 The TSF shall associate the following user security attributes with subjects acting
on behalf of that user: [Role, Assigned Permissions (as defined in Table 21 of
Annex C), Entity type certificate extension, X.509 Certificate].
FIA_USB.1.2 The TSF shall enforce the following rules on the initial association of user security
attributes with subjects acting on behalf of users: [none].
FIA_USB.1.3 The TSF shall enforce the following rules governing changes to the user security
attributes associated with subjects acting on behalf of users: [none].
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 56 of 105
Dependencies: FIA_ATD.1 User attribute definition
Notes: None.
5.3.7 Security management (FMT)
5.3.7.1 FMT_MOF.1 Management of security functions behaviour
Hierarchical to: None
FMT_MOF.1.1 The TSF shall restrict the ability to [determine the behaviour of, disable, enable,
modify the behaviour of] the functions [
• CA audit functions;
• RA audit functions;
• KAS Audit functions;
• Cloning the PKI configuration established by the TOE;
• Managing the overall PKI implemented by the TOE (creation, export,
modification, protection and verification);
• Managing TOE components and TOE users (entities) within the PKI
system and their certificate lifecycles;
• Managing groups of TOE components within the PKI system under
common authorisation and registration paths for certificate lifecycle
management functions; and
• HSM integration]
to [respectively:
• CAO Audit Manager;
• RA Audit Manager;
• KAO Audit Manager (see Table 20, Annex C); and
• CAO User; KAO User and WebRAO User (RAO, KRO and RRO User) with
appropriate permissions].
Dependencies: FMT_SMF.1 Specification of management functions
FMT_SMR.1 Security roles.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 57 of 105
Notes: The management of HSM integration is limited to the selection of the
cryptographic profile or PKCS#11 interface by the relevant user role via their
respective interface. No other management functions regarding HSM integration
are controlled by the TOE.
5.3.7.2 FMT_MSA.1 Management of security attributes
Hierarchical to: None
FMT_MSA.1.1 The TSF shall enforce the [PKI access SFP] to restrict the ability to [query, modify,
delete] the security attributes [Viewing and modifying the authorisations
assigned to TOE users (including Role, Possible Permissions, Assigned
Permissions, X.509 Certificate)] to [a CAO User with any necessary permissions].
Dependencies: [FDP_ACC.1 Subset access control or
FDP_IFC.1 Subset information flow control]
FMT_SMF.1 Specification of management functions
FMT_SMR.1 Security roles
Notes: Revoking a certificate which is used for I&A purposes is equivalent to modifying a
security attribute.
5.3.7.3 FMT_MSA.3 Static attribute initialisation
Hierarchical to: None
FMT_MSA.3.1 The TSF shall enforce the [PKI access SFP] to provide [permissive] default values
for security attributes that are used to enforce the SFP.
FMT_MSA.3.2 The TSF shall allow the [a CAO User with any necessary permissions] to specify
alternative initial values to override the default values when an object or
information is created.
Dependencies: FMT_MSA.1 Management of security attributes
FMT_SMR.1 Security roles.
Notes: None.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 58 of 105
5.3.7.4 FMT_MTD.1 Management of TSF data
Hierarchical to: None
FMT_MTD.1.1 The TSF shall restrict the ability to [change default, query, modify, delete, clear]
the [Viewing and modifying the TOE configuration (and TOE component
configurations) and registration policies (including:
• operational policy, registration policy, certificates, private keys, PSE or
P12 files (see Table 23 of Annex C)
• CA audit records;
• RA audit records; and
• KAS Audit records)]
to [respectively:
• CAO User with any necessary permissions (except for audit records);
• CAO Audit Manager (for CA audit records);
• RA Audit Manager (for RA audit records); and
• KAO Audit Manager (for KAS audit records)].
Dependencies: FMT_SMF.1 Specification of management functions
FMT_SMR.1 Security roles.
Notes: Roles are listed in Table 20 of Annex B. Audit Managers cannot modify, delete or
clear audit records (see FAU_STG.1). Audit Managers may archive audit records
(see FMT_SMF.1.1) to a location outside of the TOE’s control (removing the audit
records from the control of the TOE).
5.3.7.5 FMT_SAE.1 Time-limited authorisation
Hierarchical to: None
FMT_SAE.1.1 The TSF shall restrict the capability to specify an expiration time for [certificate
validity] to [a CAO User or a WebRAO user (with any necessary permissions)].
FMT_SAE.1.2 For each of these security attributes, the TSF shall be able to [disallow the use of
the relevant certificate] after the expiration time for the indicated security
attribute has passed.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 59 of 105
Dependencies: FMT_SMR.1 Security roles
FPT_STM.1 Reliable time stamps.
Notes: “Specify an expiration time” here means specify a certificate’s expiration time in a
request message; “action immediate revocation” means the certificate’s status
attribute is immediately changed to a value that represents “this certificate has
expired”. (Note that immediate revocation of a certificate can also be achieved by
a CAO user or a WebRAO user via an approved Certificate Revocation Request
message; see also the FMT_MSA.1 application note.)
The operational environment (outside of the scope of the TOE) provides a trusted,
accurate and reliable time stamp for use by the TOE, as defined in
OE.TIME_STAMP; satisfying the FPT_STM.1 dependency.
5.3.7.6 FMT_SMF.1 Specification of management functions
Hierarchical to: None
FMT_SMF.1.1 The TSF shall be capable of performing the following security management
functions: [
• Managing the overall PKI implemented by the TOE (creation, export,
modification, protection and verification);
• Configuring the TLS/SSL authentication of the TOE to the Enterprise
Server;
• Managing TOE components and TOE users (entities) within the PKI
system and their certificate lifecycles;
• Managing groups of TOE components within the PKI system under
common authorisation and registration paths for certificate lifecycle
management functions;
• Viewing and modifying the authorisations assigned to TOE users;
• Viewing and modifying the TOE configuration (and TOE component
configurations) and registration policies;
• Querying and archiving audit records;
• Cloning the RAX, CA, CSS, KAS and RA components for load balancing
and recovery;
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 60 of 105
• Archiving and recovering private encryption keys; and
• Manage HSM integration].
Dependencies: None
Notes: Once an audit record has been archived it is removed from the control of the TOE.
5.3.7.7 FMT_SMR.1 Security roles
Hierarchical to: None
FMT_SMR.1.1 The TSF shall maintain the roles: [as listed in Table 20 of Annex C].
FMT_SMR.1.2 The TSF shall be able to associate users with roles.
Dependencies: FIA_UID.1
Notes: The archive audit records management function includes the capability to delete
an audit record if, and only if, it has been archived.
5.3.8 Protection of the TSF (FPT)
5.3.8.1 FPT_ITT.1 Basic internal TSF data protection/alldata
Hierarchical to: None
FPT_ITT.1.1/allda
ta
The TSF shall protect TSF data from [modification] when it is transmitted between
separate parts of the TOE.
Dependencies: None
Notes: None
5.3.8.2 FPT_ITT.1 Basic internal TSF data protection/private-secretkeys
Hierarchical to: None
FPT_ITT.1.1/priv
ate-secretkeys
The TSF shall protect private keys and symmetric keys TSF data from [disclosure]
when it is transmitted between separate parts of the TOE.
Dependencies: None
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 61 of 105
Notes: While all TSF data transfers are protected from modification, private keys and
symmetric keys are also protected from disclosure during transmission between
separate parts of the TOE.
5.3.9 Trusted path/channels (FTP)
5.3.9.1 FTP_TRP.1 Trusted path
Hierarchical to: None
FTP_TRP.1.1 The TSF shall provide a communication path between itself and [remote] users
that is logically distinct from other communication paths and provides assured
identification of its end points and protection of the communicated data from
[[masquerading as a TOE]].
FTP_TRP.1.2 The TSF shall permit [the TSF] to initiate communication via the trusted path.
FTP_TRP.1.3 The TSF shall require the use of the trusted path for [[TLS/SSL authentication of
LDAP connection]].
Dependencies: None
Notes: None
5.4 Security assurance requirements
Table 8 – List of security assurance requirements
Assurance class Assurance components
ADV: Development ADV_ARC.1 Security architecture description
ADV_FSP.2 Security-enforcing functional specification
ADV_TDS.1 Basic design
AGD: Guidance documents AGD_OPE.1 Operational user guidance
AGD_PRE.1 Preparative procedures
ALC: Life cycle support ALC_CMC.2 Use of a CM System
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 62 of 105
Assurance class Assurance components
ALC_CMS.2 Parts of the TOE CM coverage
ALC_DEL.1 Delivery procedures
ALC_FLR.2 Flaw reporting procedures
ASE: Security Target evaluation ASE_CCL.1 Conformance claims
ASE_ECD.1 Extended components definition
ASE_INT.1 ST Introduction
ASE_OBJ.2 Security objectives
ASE_REQ.2 Derived security requirements
ASE_SPD.1 Security Problem Definition
ASE_TSS.1 TOE summary specification
ATE: Tests ATE_COV.1 Evidence of coverage
ATE_FUN.1 Functional testing
ATE_IND.2 Independent testing - sample
AVA: Vulnerability assessment AVA_VAN.2 Vulnerability analysis
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 63 of 105
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 64 of 105
6 TOE summary specification (ASE_TSS)
6.1 Overview
This section provides the TOE summary specification, a high-level definition of the security functions
claimed to meet the functional and assurance requirements.
The primary function of a PKI system is to issue and manage digital certificates that allow other IT
systems to verify the identity of the holder. The following table demonstrates how the TOE meets the
specified SFRs.
Table 9 – Satisfaction of TOE SFRs
Identifier Description of how SFR is met by the TOE.
Audit
FAU_GEN.1
The TOE provides automated auditing facilities that include extensive
capabilities for protecting, querying and archiving of audit records. Audit
records are generated by the TOE for the following TOE sub-components:
• CA;
• CAO;
• RA;
• RA Event Viewer;
• RA eXchange;
• Key Archive Server; and
• Key Archive Operator.
A complete listing of audit events generated by the TOE is provided at
Annex B.
The TOE records the following information in each audit record:
• Date and time of the event;
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 65 of 105
Identifier Description of how SFR is met by the TOE.
• type of event;
• subject identity (if applicable);
• the outcome (success or failure) of the event; and
• the information specified in the contents column of each table in
Annex B.
FAU_GEN.2 The TOE stores the username that caused the event in the audit log.
FAU_SAR.1 The TOE provides an interface for users with appropriate permissions to
read and understand audit records.
FAU_SAR.2 The TOE supports assignment of authorised auditor roles to TOE users for
the management and review of audit logs generated by the TOE.
FAU_SAR.3 The TOE provides the ability to search, sort and filter the audit records
based on various log attributes.
FAU_STG.1 Audit records are digitally signed when they are created (so unauthorized
modifications or deletion of the audit records can be detected) and
written to the database associated with the component that generated
the audit event.
Communication
FCO_NRO.2 The TOE requires that all BRSP messages from protocol handlers and
between the WebRAO and the RAX are validly signed before they are
accepted. The only exceptions are the following messages received from
the web handler:
i. Registration request messages;
ii. Renewal request messages; and
iii. Revocation request messages.
The TOE also required that all CMP messages between the CA and the
RA, the RA and the KAS and the CA and the KAS are validly signed before
they are accepted.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 66 of 105
Identifier Description of how SFR is met by the TOE.
Cryptographic support
FCS_CKM.1 The TOE provides a cryptographic library to generate the following keys:
a) 128, 192 or 256 bit (AES),
b) 168 bit (3DES),
c) 1024 bit (DSA),
d) 1024, 1536, 2048, 3072, 4096 or 8192 bit (RSA),
e) between 160 and 571 bits over Fp and F2m (ECDSA)
FCS_CKM.2/publickey The TOE distributes cryptographic public keys in the following formats:
a. X.509 public key certificate in PEM format,
b. X.509 public key certificate in DER format,
c. X.509 public key certificate in PKCS#7 format,
d. PKCS#10 certificate request
FCS_CKM.2/otherkey The TOE distributes cryptographic keys in the following formats:
a. PKCS#11,
b. PKCS#12,
c. PSE (Verizon proprietary)
FCS_CKM.3 The TOE provides a secure key archival and retrieval capability for end
users’ private encryption keys; this enables an end user to recover a key
at a later date should the user’s copy of the key become corrupt or lost. It
also enables an organization to recover encrypted data if a key/certificate
owner leaves the company unexpectedly. The TOE provides key archival
and key recovery functions through the encryption of the private
encryption key with a random symmetric key. This symmetric key is
subsequently encrypted by the LTSK’s public key prior to storage. The Key
Archive Server is under the control and management of the Key Archive
Operator component of the TOE.
FCS_CKM.4 The TOE ensures that keys are overwritten before a resource is
deallocated from a key object.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 67 of 105
Identifier Description of how SFR is met by the TOE.
FCS_COP.1/asymmetric The TOE performs asymmetric encryption and decryption using the
following algorithm:
a) RSA.
FCS_COP.1/digitalsign The TOE can generate digital signatures using the following algorithms:
a) RSA and SHA-2,
b) RSA and SHA-1,
c) DSA and SHA-1,
d) ECDSA and SHA-2,
e) ECDSA and SHA-1.
FCS_COP.1/hash The TOE can generate hashes using the following algorithms:
a) SHA-2,
b) SHA-1.
FCS_COP.1/symmetric The TOE performs symmetric encryption using the following algorithms:
a) AES,
b) 3DES.
User data protection
FDP_ACC.1 The TOE implements the “PKI access SFP” on all items referenced in
Annex C.
FDP_ACF.1 The TOE enforces the “PKI access SFP” to ensure that only those TOE
users that are authorized and have appropriate permissions are able to
access objects controlled by the TOE. In particular the TOE provides
control over access to and the use of the TOE’s private keys.
FDP_DAU.2 The TOE provides the capability to register entities for digital certificates
through a range of methods, protocols and interfaces in accordance with
operational policies defined for the TOE including:
• Email clients;
• Windows clients;
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Identifier Description of how SFR is met by the TOE.
• Simple Certificate Enrolment Protocol (SCEP) primarily used for
routers and VPN devices; and
• Web browsers.
The TOE also provides an automated means for end users of a Microsoft
Windows domain (both human users and server components, such as
domain controllers) to request certificates from the CA component of the
TOE. A user’s request for a certificate can be submitted automatically
when the user logs on to the domain; and when a certificate has been
issued, a renewal request can be submitted to the CA shortly before the
certificate’s expiration time (with virtually no user involvement).
The TOE provides the capability to securely generate or renew digital
certificates, in accordance with operational policies defined for the TOE,
via Certification Authorities, for its own use and for distribution to
entities that include users, applications and devices. Certificate
generation binds the identity of an entity to a public key with a digital
signature.
The TOE generates a digital signature for every X.509 digital certificate
generated by the TOE, for CRLs and for messages transmitted between
TOE components. Digital signatures use a hash of the data that is then
encrypted using the private key of the TOE component. Other TOE
components and entities external to the TOE can verify the authenticity
of certificates, CRLs and messages using the public key of the TOE
components that generated the digital signature.
The TOE maintains the status of digital certificates issued by the TOE with
certificates published to a Certification Authority database. The TOE
allows entities to query the status of digital certificates using the OCSP
([OCSP]). The TOE also provides the capability to suspend or revoke
digital certificates where necessary, such as in response to suspected
private key compromise. The TOE updates the status of certificates in its
database and publishes revoked certificates on a digitally signed
Certificate Revocation List (CRL) in accordance with operational policies
defined for the TOE.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 69 of 105
Identifier Description of how SFR is met by the TOE.
FDP_IFC.1 The TOE implements the “PKI messaging SFP” using the subjects,
information and operations defined in Table 21, Table 22 and Table 23 of
Annex C respectively.
FDP_IFF.1 The TOE implements the “PKI messaging SFP” by signing traffic
transmitted between TOE components, and additionally encrypting this
traffic when it contains private or secret key, as well as controlling the
flow of information using the message checks defined in Table 23 of
Annex C.
FDP_ITT.1 The TOE ensures that information sent between TOE components is
protected from modification by signing the data and checking the
signature on all information received by TOE components.
FDP_ITT.3 The TOE ensures that modified information is not accepted by the TOE.
Additionally, the TOE will not accept any packets from a TOE component
that is responsible for a packet that cannot be verified until a TOE user
with appropriate permissions re-connects the component.
FDP_RIP.1 The TOE ensures that all resources that handle private keys and
passwords are overwritten before deallocation.
Identification and authentication
FIA_ATD.1 The TOE maintains the following attributes for all TOE users:
• Role,
• Assigned Permissions,
• Private key and associated passphrase to access the key,
• X.509 Certificate.
FIA_SOS.1 The TOE checks that all new passwords inputted by the CAO meet the
following requirements:
• All passphrases must contain a minimum of eight characters.
• Passphrases can contain non-ASCII (including foreign language)
characters.
• Passphrases consisting of all ASCII characters must contain at
least one lowercase letter, one uppercase
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 70 of 105
Identifier Description of how SFR is met by the TOE.
• letter, one numerical digit, and one punctuation mark.
FIA_UAU.2 Users are required to authenticate themselves, using messages signed
with the TOE user’s private key, before the TOE will perform any actions.
FIA_UID.2 Users are required to identify themselves, before the TOE will perform
any actions.
FIA_USB.1 The TOE maintains the following attributes for subjects that are linked to
human users:
• Role,
• Assigned Permissions,
• X.509 Certificate
Security management
FMT_MOF.1 Using permissions associated to the user account, the TOE restricts
access to the following TOE management functions:
• Cloning the PKI system established by the TOE;
• Managing the overall PKI implemented by the TOE (creation,
export, modification, protection and verification);
• Managing TOE components and TOE users (entities) within the
PKI system and their certificate lifecycles;
• Managing groups of TOE components within the PKI system
under common authorization and registration paths for
certificate lifecycle management functions; and
• HSM integration
FMT_MSA.1 Using permissions associated to the user account, the TOE restricts
access to the authorizations assigned to TOE users (including:
• Role,
• Possible Permissions,
• Assigned Permissions,
• Private key and associated passphrase to access the key,
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 71 of 105
Identifier Description of how SFR is met by the TOE.
• X.509 Certificate).
FMT_MSA.3 The TOE provides all “possible permissions” as assigned permissions
when a role is added to a new user.
FMT_MTD.1 Using permissions associated to the user account, the TOE restricts
access to TOE configuration (and TOE component configurations) and
registration policies (including:
• operational policy, registration policy, announce messages,
certificates, private keys, PSE or P12 files, message
(request/response) where message checks are required (see
Table 23)
• CA audit records;
• RA audit records; and
• KAS Audit records).
FMT_SAE.1 The TOE limits the validity of all certificates issued as configured by a CAO
or WebRAO user.
FMT_SMF.1
The TOE provides a range of functions and utilities for secure
management of the TOE and establishing the public key infrastructure
implemented by the TOE as a hierarchy of Certification Authorities,
Registration Authorities and other TOE components as required.
The TOE provides the following TOE management functions:
• Managing the overall PKI implemented by the TOE (creation,
export, modification, protection and verification);
• Configuring the TLS/SSL authentication of the TOE to the
Enterprise Service;
• Managing TOE components and TOE users (entities) within the
PKI system and their certificate lifecycles (as described in section
1.6.2.2);
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Identifier Description of how SFR is met by the TOE.
• Managing groups of TOE components within the PKI system
under common authorization and registration paths for
certificate lifecycle management functions;
• Viewing and modifying the authorizations assigned to TOE users;
• Viewing and modifying the TOE configuration (and TOE
component configurations) and registration policies;
• Querying and archiving audit records;
• Cloning the PKI system established by the TOE; and
• Archiving and recovering private encryption keys.
FMT_SMR.1 The TOE provides the following TOE security roles:
• CAO User,
• Web RAO User,
• CAO Audit Manager,
• RA Audit Manager,
• KAO Audit Manager
Protection of the TSF
FPT_ITT.1/alldata The TOE ensures that all data is protected from modification, by signing,
when it is transmitted between components of the TOE.
FPT_ITT.1/private-
secretkeys
The TOE ensures that private and secret keys are protected from
disclosure, by encryption, when they are transmitted between
components of the TOE.
Trusted path/channels
FTP_TRP.1 The allows Administrator to configure LDAP communication between the
TOE and the Enterprise Server to require TLS/SSL authentication. When
so configured, the TOE shall establish require authentication to take
place prior to communicating with the Enterprise Server to ensure that
the Enterprise Server only accepts certificates from a legitimate TOE.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 73 of 105
7 Rationale
7.1 Security objectives rationale
Security objectives rationale is provided to demonstrate that the threats are countered, and the
assumptions are met.
7.1.1 Threat/OSP rationale
Below provides a mapping of the TOE Security objectives, threats and a justification for the mapping
Table 10 – Threat rationale
Threat/OSP Objective Justification
T.DATA_COMPROMISE O.PROTECT_DATA
O.PASSPHRASE
O.CRYPTOGRAPHY
O.PROTECTED_CONFIG
OE.SECURE_INSTALL
OE.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION
OE.HSM
O.PROTECT_DATA requires that the
TOE protect all data within the TOE
scope of control.
OE.HSM requires that any HSM
utilised by the TOE protects all data
and operations performed.
This objective is supported by
O.PASSPHRASE, O.CRYPTOGRAPHY,
and O.PROTECTED_CONFIG, which
ensure that the objective cannot be
undermined by weak controls on
passwords, cryptography or TOE
configuration. OE.SECURE_INSTALL,
and OE.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION
provide additional environmental
protection.
T.MESSAGE_COMPROMISE O.PROTECT_MESSAGE
O.EVIDENCE_OF_ORIGIN
O.PROTECT_DATA
O.PASSPHRASE
O.CRYPTOGRAPHY
O.PROTECT_MESSAGE requires that
the TOE ensure that messages are
protected when they are being
transmitted. This objective is
primarily supported by
O.EVIDENCE_OF_ORIGIN which
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 74 of 105
Threat/OSP Objective Justification
O.PROTECTED_CONFIG
OE.COMMS_PROTECTION
OE.SECURE_INSTALL
OE.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION
ensures that the TOE and relying
systems can trust the identity of the
sender.
O.PROTECT_DATA provides additional
support by ensuring that data is
maintained with integrity.
O.PASSPHRASE, O.CRYPTOGRAPHY,
O.PROTECTED_CONFIG provide
additional support by ensuring that
the objective cannot be undermined
by weak controls on passwords,
cryptography or TOE configuration.
OE.COMMS_PROTECTION,
OE.SECURE_INSTALL and
OE.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION, provide
additional environmental protection.
T.USER_ERROR O.AUDIT
O.PROTECTED_AUDIT
O.PROTECTED_CONFIG
OE.COMPETENT_USERS
OE.TRUSTED_USERS
OE.ACCOUNTABILITY
OE.ROLE_SEPARATION
OE.AUTH_DATA_DISPOSAL
OE.HSM
OE.AUDIT_REVIEW
OE.TIME_SOURCE
OE.COMPETENT_USERS and
OE.TRUSTED_USERS directly counter
the threat by ensuring that users are
aware of the consequences of their
actions.
The other objectives diminish the
threat, either by making it more
difficult for a user to breach the SFP
(e.g. O.PROTECTED_CONFIG,
OE.ROLE_SEPARATION,
OE.AUTH_DATA_DISPOSAL, OE.HSM).
The remaining objectives reduce the
time to resolve any issues, by
providing a detailed log of actions.
T.REPUDIATE O.AUDIT
O.PROTECTED_AUDIT
The objectives O.AUDIT,
O.PROTECTED_AUDIT, O.PASSPHRASE
provide protected audit logs and
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 75 of 105
Threat/OSP Objective Justification
O.PASSPHRASE confidence in user identity for all
significant TOE actions.
T.AUDIT_LOSS O.PROTECTED_AUDIT
O.PROTECT_DATA
O.CRYPTOGRAPHY
O.PASSPHRASE
OE.ROLE_SEPARATION
O.PROTECT_DATA, O.PASSPHRASE
and OE.ROLE_SEPARATION provides
protected audit trail that ensures that
only authorized and authenticated
TOE users can review and manage the
audit log.
O.PROTECTED_AUDIT provides the
capability to detect and alert upon
the unauthorized modification the
audit log. O.CRYPTOGRAPHY supports
this objective through the provision
of digital signing and signature
verification operations.
T.UNAUTH_CHANGE O.PROTECTED_CONFIG
O.AUDIT
OE.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION
OE.COMPETENT_USERS
OE.TRUSTED_USERS
OE.SECURE_INSTALL
O.PROTECTED_CONFIG, and
OE.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION counter
this threat by protecting the TOE both
physically and logically.
OE.COMPETENT_USERS,
OE.TRUSTED_USERS and
OE.SECURE_INSTALL also support the
above objectives by ensuring that
users are aware of their actions and
the ramifications of setting insecure
configurations.
O.AUDIT provides the generation of
audit records in the event that a TOE
component is modified in an
unauthorized manner.
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7.1.2 Assumption rationale
Below provides a mapping of the Security objectives for the environment of the TOE to relevant
assumptions, as well as a justification for the mapping.
Assumptions Objective Justification
A.AUTH_DATA_DISPOSAL OE.AUTH_DATA_DISPOSAL This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.AUDIT_REVIEW OE.AUDIT_REVIEW This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.COMPETENT_USERS OE.COMPETENT_USERS This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.TRUSTED_USERS OE.TRUSTED_USERS This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.SECURE_INSTALL OE.SECURE_INSTALL This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.COMMS_PROTECTION OE.COMMS_PROTECTION This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION OE.PHYSICAL_PROTECTION This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.TIME_SOURCE OE.TIME_SOURCE This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.ACCOUNTABILITY OE.ACCOUNTABILITY This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.ROLE_SEPARATION OE.ROLE_SEPARATION This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
A.HSM OE.HSM This objective directly upholds the
assumption.
7.2 Security requirements rationale
7.2.1 Tracing of SFRs to security objectives
Below provides the mapping of the TOE SFRs and the security objectives for the TOE.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 77 of 105
Table 11 – SFRs to security objectives mapping
Objective SFR and Demonstration
O.PROTECT_DATA FDP_ACC.1 and FDP_ACF.1 specify an access control policy which requires
the confidentiality and integrity of TSF data “at rest” to be protected.
FCS_COP.1* supports the confidentiality and integrity of TSF data stored
through the provisioning of hashing, signing and encryption operations to
protect this data.
FIA_* supports the access control policy by requiring that all TOE users are
successfully identified and authenticated before any other TSF-mediated
action on their behalf is permitted.
FTP_TRP.1 further requires that the TOE is authenticated to the Enterprise
Server using TLS/SSL prior to a connection is being established between
itself and the Enterprise Server.
FDP_RIP.1 requires that all resources that handle private keys and
passwords are overwritten before deallocation.
O.PROTECT_MESSAGE FDP_IFC.1 and FDP_IFF.1, supported by FDP_ITT.1, FDP_ITT.3 and FPT_*,
specify an information flow control policy which requires the
confidentiality and integrity of TSF data and user data to be protected.
FCS_COP.1* supports message authenticity and private/secret key
confidentiality through cryptographic hashing, signing and encryption
operations.
FIA_* supports the information flow control policy by requiring that all
TOE users are successfully identified and authenticated before any other
TSF-mediated action on their behalf is permitted.
FDP_RIP.1 requires that all resources that handle private keys and
passwords are overwritten before deallocation.
O.EVIDENCE_OF_ORIGIN FCO_NRO.2 requires the use of digital signatures to provide evidence of
origin for selected message between the CA and the RA, the CA and the
KAS, and the RA and the KAS, from protocol handlers; and between the
WebRAO and RAX.
FDP_DAU.2, supported by FIA_*, also directly implement the objective by
requiring identity authentication for certificates and CRLs produced by the
CA.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 78 of 105
Objective SFR and Demonstration
O.CRYPTOGRAPHY The chosen FCS class of SFRs directly implement the objective. Encryption
and decryption, authentication via signatures and hashing are required by
FCS_COP.1.1. Key generation is required by FCS_CKM.1, key access and
storage by FCS_CKM.3, and key destruction by FCS_CKM.4.
FDP_RIP.1 requires that all resources that handle private keys and
passwords are overwritten before deallocation.
The TOE also implements TLS/SSL authentication to allow itself to be
authenticated to the Enterprise Services (FTP_TRP.1).
O.PASSPHRASE FIA_SOS.1 requires minimum password complexity for passphrases.
O.AUDIT FAU_GEN.1 and FAU_GEN.2 directly implement part of the objective
(generate audit records), and FAU_SAR.1, SAR.2 and SAR.3 directly
implement the other part (provide the means to review audit records).
O.PROTECTED_CONFIG FMT_* requires the implementation of mechanisms to secure the
management functions that control the configuration of the TSF.
Specifically, FMT_ MOF an requires selected management function to be
only effected by particular user roles with concrete permissions .
FMT_MSA requires the implementation of a security policy to control
adjudication of security attributes. FMT_MTD and FMT_SA explicitly
require access control to configuration data. FMT_SMF requires the TOE
to implement specific security management functions. FMT_SMR,
FIA_ATD, FIA_SOS, FIA_UAU and FIA_UID together require the
implementation of role-based access control.
O.PROTECTED_AUDIT FAU_STG explicitly requires the protection of audit records against
tampering.
7.2.2 Security requirement dependency rationale
With the exception of dependencies to reliable time stamps, all dependencies of the Security Functional
Requirements of the TOE are satisfied by the TOE. The satisfaction of dependencies is given for each SFR
in the statement of that SFR in Sect. 5.3.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 79 of 105
7.2.3 Security assurance requirements justification
The TOE is a commercial product whose users require a moderate level of independently assured
security. The TOE is targeted at an environment with good physical access security where it is assumed
that attackers will have Basic attack potential. Thus, EAL2 is an adequate assurance level for the TOE
and its intended environment. EAL2 constitutes a well defined, standard assurance package fully defined
in [CC] Part 3 and is therefore consistent.
This EAL2 assurance has been augmented with ALC_FLR.2. Augmentation with this specific flaw
remediation security assurance requirement has been performed to provide additional assurance
regarding the flaw remediation practices employed.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 80 of 105
Annex ATerminology
The following terminology is used in this Security Target and/or is applicable to public key
infrastructures more broadly.
Table 12 - Terminology
Term Description
ACE Adaptive Communication Environment (used in the TOE for
socket communications and threading).
Administrator A user that has a level of trust (with respect to the TOE’s
security functionality) compared with a TOE user that is not an
administrator.
AES Advanced Encryption Standard.
Announce message A message sent to the CA server by another TOE
subcomponent when it (the other TOE subcomponent) starts
up.
ANSI American National Standards Institute.
ARL See Authority revocation list.
ARM Advanced Registration Module. An optional component used
to implement custom automated request submission and
authorization flows. (Not part of the TOE.)
ASN Abstract Syntax Notation.
Attacker A (potential) threat agent, which may be a user, or any other
human or IT entity that attempts to interact, logically or
physically, with the TOE
Audit log Security relevant events occurring during the operation of the
TOE are recorded in audit logs (collections of audit records).
Auditor A special class of administrator that is given permissions to
perform functions on the audit logs.
Authorization The process of approving a request against criteria set forth in a
registration policy.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 81 of 105
Term Description
Authorization group An authorization group is a specific set of authorizers (human
or automated processes). Membership within an authorization
group may be indicated by a specify DN or DN attribute.
Authorization groups are set up using the CAO, and are used to
control which authorizers can process requests submitted using
a particular registration policy.
Authorizer Human or automated process, which approves a request
against criteria set forth in a registration policy, whereupon a
certificate is generated and issued upon affirmative approval.
Authority Revocation list A revocation list containing identification of public-key
certificates issued to Certification Authorities (CA) that are no
longer considered valid by the certificate issuer. This is
essentially a list of authorities that have been compromised in
some way and can no longer be trusted. (It is effectively a form
of CRL.)
Autoenroll Handler A protocol handler (see protocol handler below) component
that implements the Microsoft Autoenrollment protocol. The
autoenroll handler supports automatic registration of users and
computers in Microsoft Windows domains.
Bootstrap The process of creating a PKI, which involves creating the CA
and CAO.
BRSP A set of clearly defined protocols that allow remote
applications to send requests into the RA eXchange and then to
receive a response.
CA See Certification Authority.
CA clone Separate instances of the CA executable, which use the same
key material and the same database.
CA sub-components Combination of CA (Server), CAO, Publisher and Certificate
Status Server (CSS) that, together with a CA database, provide
the certification part of the PKI system.
CAO See Certification Authority Operator.
CAO User Person who operates the CAO.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 82 of 105
Term Description
CDP See CRL distribution point.
Certificate For the purposes of this document, certificate refers to X.509
Certificate - see below.
Certificate extensions Optional fields within an X.509 v3 formatted certificate that
contain information designed to enhance the certificate
verification process and to convey additional information about
the subject and issuer of the certificate.
Certificate revocation list A signed list of certificates (serial numbers) that have been
revoked and can no longer be trusted (according to the
standard for CRL v2 as defined in X.509).
Certification Authority The component within the TOE which is responsible for the
creation, distribution, or revocation of X.509 public key
certificates.
Certification Authority Operator The interface through which the elements of a public-key
infrastructure (PKI) are defined, configured and controlled. The
CAO is used to configure the PKI, define registration policies,
and administer certificates. It is the trusted system
management component for a CA.
Certification Practices
Statement
A detailed document issued by a Certification Authority that
prescribes the operational procedures on the operational and
registration policies under which that authority issues public-
key certificates.
Clone See CA clone, RA clone, KAS clone, RAX clone or CSS clone.
CMP Certificate Management Protocol. (The CMP Handler is not part
of the TOE.)
Communication channel Used in this ST in a very general sense; for example, one TOE
sub-component may send a message to a second TOE sub-
component by writing some data into the CA database (which
is managed by the operating environment), for subsequent
retrieval by the second TOE sub-component.
CPS See Certification Practices Statement.
CRL See Certificate revocation list.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 83 of 105
Term Description
CRL distribution point The location from which a CRL or partitioned CRL can be
obtained. Specifically, an X.500 directory entry or other
information source that is named in an X.509 v3 public-key
certificate extension as a location from which to obtain a
certificate revocation list.
Cross-certification The process whereby a UniCERT CA can certify another CA and
by doing so allow users certified by the UniCERT CA to trust
certificates issued to the cross certified CA. Cross certification
can be unilateral or bilateral.. Cross-certification is handled
using the normal processes for signing any certificate, but via a
slightly different message and certificate format.
Crypto module A hardware security module (HSM) or smart card, which can be
used to store keys and perform some cryptographic operations.
CSS clone Separate instances of the CSS executable, which use the same
key material and the same database.
DB Database.
DER Distinguished Encoding Rules.
Directory server A directory server is typically used to store information, such as
a company directory, in a central repository and to provide
quick and easy access to this information. LDAP is a standard
protocol for accessing directory servers.
Distinguished Name A sequence of attributes that identifies an entity and traces its
path up the directory tree. The DN provides the necessary
information about the owner of a certificate. The certificate
contains both the DN of the owner (subject) and the DN of the
issuer of the certificate.
DN See Distinguished name.
DN attribute An element of a distinguished name, e.g., C=US or O=Verizon.
DSD Defence Signals Directorate.
DSA Digital Signature Algorithm.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 84 of 105
Term Description
ECC Elliptical curve cryptography is a public-key encryption method
based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves over finite
fields.
ECDSA Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm, see ECC.
EE See End entity.
Email Handler A Protocol Handler which enables certificate requests to be
received via email and the associated email responses to be
returned via email. The Email Handler also sends the
notifications as configured in registration policies.
End entity An entity (e.g. end user) that is the subject of a public-key
certificate and that is using, or is permitted and able to use, the
matching private key only for some purpose other than signing
a certificate.
End user An end user is an external system (or a user of an external
system) that communicates with the TOE (via the operational
environment) in order to request a service or data.
External system A system external to the PKI system. Note that if a TOE sub-
component is hosted on an external system, then a part of that
external system (the part which is relied upon to protect the
sub-component) is considered to be part of the operational
environment.
Face-to-face registration The process of entering end user details at the WebRAO
directly, without a remote request coming in through the
protocol handler.
FIPS Federal Information Processing Standards.
Group See Authorization group.
GUI Graphical User Interface.
Hardware security module A hardware security module is a cryptographic device, which
can generate, store and use cryptographic keys within a secure
hardware device.
HSM See Hardware security module.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 85 of 105
Term Description
HTTP(S) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (over SSL).
I&A Identification and Authentication.
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission.
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force.
ISO International Organization for Standardization.
Issuer DN The distinguished name (DN) that identifies the CA that has
issued a certificate.
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication
Standardization Sector.
JSP Java Server Page.
KAS Key Archive Server - a component for securely archiving and
recovering private keys for the purpose of preventing data loss
in the event a key is lost or a cryptographic device containing a
key is damaged.
KAS clone Separate instances of the KAS executable, which use the same
key material and the same database.
LDAP See Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.
LDAPS LDAP over SSL.
Lightweight Directory Access
Protocol
A set of open protocols for accessing information directories.
LDAP can make the physical network topology and protocols
transparent so that a network user can access any resource
without knowing where or how it is physically connected.
LTSK Long Term Storage Key - The Key Archive Server uses the LTSK
to encrypt the archived keys it stores.
Message An object which is transmitted to or from a (sub-)component of
the TOE via a communication channel. Different types of
message contain different types of information and/or other
objects.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 86 of 105
Term Description
Object identifier A string of numbers that is unique worldwide, for example,
1.2.840.23452323.1.1. An OID represent a hierarchy of domains
and objects within domains, using numbers instead of names.
Each OID starts from an internationally defined root. For
example, 1 at the first level represents the International
Standards Organization (ISO). Each level of the hierarchy is
represented by its own unique number (ID), which is appended
to the OID of the level above it. For example, 1.2.840
represents the hierarchy: ISO (1) ISO member-body (2) United
States (840). In a hierarchy like this, each country is responsible
for defining the structure of the rest of the OID under the third
level (country).
OCSP See Online Certificate Status Protocol.
OID See Object identifier.
Online Certificate Status
Protocol
A protocol that allows applications to verify whether a
certificate is valid or has been revoked. OCSP can be either a
replacement or a supplement to checking against a CRL. It
attempts to overcome some of the distribution limitations of
the CRL. OCSP specifies a request-response message syntax
between a client application that requires certificate revocation
status information and a server application that has knowledge
of the revocation status. The OCSP server (or OCSP responder)
can also provide additional status information beyond that
available through a CRL.
Openv (or op env) Operational environment.
Openv user An authorized user of the operational environment that
accesses the TOE (if at all) in order to indirectly support the
services it offers (e.g. to backup data).
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 87 of 105
Term Description
Operational policy An operational policy consists of security or PKI relevant
configuration information for a PKI entity. For example, the
CA’s operational policy defines how often the CA generates a
CRL and whether it generates a new CRL each time a certificate
is revoked. The RA’s operational policy defines the time period
during which the RA processes certificate requests and how
often it polls the database for new requests.
Owner The owner of a certificate is the user to which the certificate
was issued, and which can, if necessary provide POP of the
private key that the certificate is associated with. Similarly, an
owner of a (private) key is a user which can provide POP of the
key (see Proof of possession re “provide POP”). An owner of a
PSE/P12 is a user which can provide POP of the key contained
within the file. An owner of a CRL is the issuer of the CRL. The
Owner of an Operational Policy is the signer of the Operational
Policy.
P11 A standard for accessing cryptographic hardware tokens, for
example smart cards and HSMs. The standard is defined in
[PKCS11].
P12 A standard for securely exchanging and storing key material as
passphrase encrypted files. The standard is defined in [PKCS12].
PEM Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail.
Permission A member of a set of rules for how a user may interact with the
TOE.
Personal secure environment Verizon supports the concept of a personal secure environment
(PSE). This proprietary format holds certificate owners’ private
keys and other sensitive data securely. They can only be
accessed or altered by the authorized owner of those keys.
UniCERT supports only disk-based PSEs.
PH See Protocol Handler.
PKCS Public-Key Cryptography Standards.
PKCS#11 device See Crypto module.
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Term Description
PKI See Public key infrastructure.
PKI entity One of the UniCERT core components that are within the PKI
system.
PKI system A PKI system is synonymous with PKI; the PKI system is defined
as is the TOE and its operational environment.
POP See Proof of possession.
Proof of possession A verification process whereby it is proven that the owner of a
key pair actually possesses the private key associated with the
public key.
Protocol Handler A protocol handler is a UniCERT registration component though
which applications can make protocol specific request for
certificates and other PKI related services. A protocol handler
converts requests from protocol specific formats to the
common request format that is used internal to the UniCERT
system.
PSE See Personal secure environment.
Public-key certificates A set of data that uniquely identifies an entity, contains the
entity’s public key and optionally other information that is
digitally signed by a trusted party, thereby binding the public
key to the entity. The optional information may provide more
information about the user and how the key should be used.
Public-key infrastructure A PKI system provides a framework by which users and entities
can communicate securely. Public-key cryptography uses a
combination of public and private keys, digital signatures,
digital certificates, and Certification Authorities (CAs), to meet
the major requirements of security. The X.509 standard defines
a PKI as "The set of hardware, software, people and procedures
needed to create, manage, store, distribute and revoke
certificates based on public-key cryptography."
Described in [RFC] (RFC 5280 as published by the IETF).
Publisher Distributed with the UniCERT Core components, the Publisher
posts information and certificates externally to the secured PKI.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 89 of 105
Term Description
RA See Registration Authority.
RSA Rivest, Shamir and Adleman (who publicly described an
algorithm for public key cryptography in 1978).
RA clone Separate instances of the RA executable, which use the same
key material and the same database.
RA sub-components Combination of RA (Server), RA eXchange, Protocol Handlers,
and WebRAO that, together with an RA database, provide the
registration portal (interface) to the PKI system.
RAO See WebRAO.
RAX See RA eXchange.
RAX clone Separate instances of the KAS executable, which use the same
key material and the same database.
Registration The process of collecting information required to generate and
authorize (approve) a certificate request. Registration may be
face-to-face, or may be via a protocol handler or programmatic
interface (referred to as remote registration).
Registration Authority The RA acts as a router, transferring information to and from
the CA. It receives and verifies certificate requests from the
registering entities, and sends back the CA’s reply.
Registration Authority Operator See WebRAO.
Registration policy A registration policy provides a set of rules and criteria for
certificate requests that must be met before the CA can issue
a certificate. A registration policy governs what data must be
collected for the certificate applicant to register, determines
the content of the certificate(s) produced, and controls the life
cycle of the certificate.
Registration Policy Editor The registration policy Editor is a portion of the CAO, which is
used to create registration policies.
Remote registration The process of registration being initiated via a protocol
handler or a programmatic interface rather than face-to-face.
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Term Description
Revocation The process of invalidating a public key certificate. There are a
number of reasons for revocation, including: unspecified, key
compromise, CA compromise, affiliation changed, superseded
and certificate hold. A certificate hold places a certificate on
hold, referred to as suspension of a certificate in this
document. Except for certificate hold, all other reasons for
revocation are permanent, which means the certificate will no
longer be or become valid.
Revocation request Revocation requests include requests to revoke, suspend and
unsuspend a certificate.
Revoke To invalidate a certificate.
RFC Request for Comments.
Root CA The Certification Authority at the top of the PKI hierarchy.
Root certificate The self-signed public-key certificate at the top of the PKI
hierarchy.
SCEP Handler A protocol handler (see Protocol Handler) that implements the
Simple Certificate Enrolment Protocol defined by
http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-nourse-scep-19.txt. SCEP is a
registration protocol used primarily by routers and VPN
devices.
Schema The structure of a database system, including the layout of
fields in tables, and the relationships (if any) between different
tables.
Smart card A card with an embedded integrated circuit for storing
information, typically used for authenticating a computer user
or banking services, providing access control, storing value
applications, and/or carrying private keys in a security system.
Social engineering attack An attack whereby a trusted person is either bribed or
threatened to cause them to reveal or change something that
they should not.
SQL Structured Query Language.
SSL Secure Socket Layer.
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Term Description
Subject DN The distinguished name that identifies the entity to whom a
certificate is issued, for example: cn=John Doe, ou=Sales,
o=Acme, l=Northeast, c=US.
Subordinate CA A Certification Authority that is below the level of the root CA.
A subordinate CA’s certificate is registered (certificate is signed
by another CA) as part of another PKI. This is typically the case
for commercial CAs, who wish to use a well-known, trusted
third party CA as their root CA. UniCERT may be configured
either as a root CA or a subordinate CA.
Suspension The temporary revocation of a certificate. Once a certificate
has been suspended it can be handled in one of three ways:
• It may remain on the CRL with no further action, causing
users to reject transactions issued during the hold period.
• It may be replaced by a (final) revocation for the same
certificate, in which case the reason shall be one of the
standard reasons for revocation, the revocation date shall
be the date the certificate was suspended.
• It may be explicitly released and the entry removed from
the CRL.
TOE user An authorized (human) user of the TOE who accesses it in order
to directly support the services it offer (e.g. to authorize an end
user’s request for a certificate).
Token Synonymous with Crypto module (in this ST).
Unidbase (UniDB) An internal component of the TOE that provides object
corresponding to tables and records within the UniCERT
database schema.
Unsuspension Removing the temporary hold (suspension) of a certificate and
therefore removing it from the CRL.
UPI UniCERT Programmatic Interface. A separate software toolkit,
which provides access to the authorization and registration
functionality within UniCERT. (Not part of the TOE.)
VPN Virtual Private Network.
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Term Description
Web Registration Authority
Operator
See WebRAO.
WebRAO A Web-based application used to review and authorize
(approve) certificate requests. It may also be used to submit
certificate requests on behalf of an end entity.
X.509 The ISO/ITU-T X.509 standard defines what information can be
included in a certificate and a certificate revocation list and
describes the data format of the information.
X.509 certificate The ISO/ITU-T X.509 Standard defines two types of certificates,
the X.509 public key certificate and the X.509 attribute
certificate. In this document the X.509 certificate refers to a
X.509 public key certificate. (See also Public Key certificate.)
X.509 public key certificate A block of data containing the certificate holder’s public key
and basic identification details rendered unforgeable by the
digital signature of the issuing CA’s private key, encoded in the
ISO/ITU-T X.509 format.
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Annex B Audit events
The auditable events for the TOE are specified in the following tables. Each table is devoted to the sub-
component of the TOE which is responsible for generating the corresponding audit records; the
“Contents” column specifies the information contained in these records (see also the SFR component
FAU_GEN.1.2).
Certification Authority (CA)
Table 13 – CA audit events
Auditable Event Event Description Contents
Signature Verification
Failure
Signature verification failure Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, identifiable
description of what failed verification and where it came
from.
Certificate Generation A certificate has been generated, signed
and stored
Event type, CA user DN, time/date, reference number,
issuer DN, subject DN, serial number, certificate
Certificate Revoked A revocation request has been
processed and revoked (marked in the
database as revoked, suspended,
released from suspension)
Event type, CA user DN, identification of RA that
revocation request was received from, time/date, unique
identity of revocation message including certificate
revoked, suspended or released from suspension and the
revocation reason, unique identity of revocation
requester and approver.
CRL Generated A CRL has been generated, signed and
stored. Including Success and Failure
Event type, CA user DN, time/date, unique identity of
CRL.
PKI Information sent PKI operational policy is signed and
pushed
Event type, CA user DN, time/date, unique identity of PKI
and identity of entity it was pushed to
User or System access
initiated
A connection to the CA has been
established. Including Success and
Failure
Event type, CA user DN, Unique identity of user or system
accessing the CA (e.g., identification of CAO User),
time/date
User or System access
terminated
A connection to the CA has been
terminated
Event type, CA user DN, Unique identity of user or system
disconnected from the CA (e.g., identification of CAO
User), time/date
PKI Event Tampered PKI detected Event type, CA user DN Unique identity of profile that was
tampered, time/date
CA Operator (CAO)
Table 14 – CA operator audit events
Auditable Event Event Description Contents
Certificate Revoked A revocation request has been
submitted to the CA. Including if it’s
successfully sent or not.
Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, unique identity of
revocation message including certificate revoked,
suspended or released from suspension and the
revocation reason.
Certificate Revoked A revocation request has been
submitted to the CA and the CA has
responded with success or fail.
Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, unique identity of
revocation message including certificate revoked,
suspended or released from suspension and the
revocation reason.
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Auditable Event Event Description Contents
Certificate Request Sent A certificate request has been signed
and sent to the CA.
Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, reference number,
request data, identification of CA to which the request
was sent
Received Certificate
Request
A certificate request has been received. Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, certificate request
data uniquely identifying the certificate request,
certificate request receipt method (e.g., imported from
floppy,)
Policy Created A policy was created and saved to the
database.
Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, policy name
Policy Retired A policy was retired and saved to the
database.
Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, policy name
Policy Withdrawn A policy was withdrawn and saved to
the database.
Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, policy name
Policy Deleted A policy was deleted. Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, policy name
Processing
(Authorization) Path
Events
An authorization path is added. Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, unique identity of
path, group and policy and identity of entity it is to be
pushed to.
Processing
(Authorization) Path
Events
CAO User uses the authorization group
definitions to define which, a subset or
all, of an authorization group is required
to authorize a request.
This event is added when a modification
of path is committed.
Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, unique identity of
path, group and policy and identity of entity it is to be
pushed to.
Processing
(Authorization) Path
Events
CAO User uses the authorization group
definitions to define which, a subset or
all, of an authorization group is required
to authorize a request.
This event is added when a path is
retired.
Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, unique identity of
path, group and policy and identity of entity it is to be
pushed to.
Session events The CAO application may log onto a
number of PKIs, but only one per
session
Type, CAO User DN, time/date, unique identity of PKI.
Session events The CAO application may log onto a
number of PKIs, but only one per
session
Type, CAO User DN, time/date, unique identity of PKI.
Audit Archive An archive function has been performed
on the audit log within the CA database
and an audit log archive file has been
created.
Event type, CAO User DN, time/date, identification of
audit log archive file created.
Registration Authority (RA)
Table 15 – RA audit events
Auditable Event Event Description Contents
Signature Verification Signature verification. Success or failure Event type, RA User DN, Unique identity of issuer of data
failing signature (e.g., RAO user), time/date, identifiable
description of what failed verification.
Message Validation Received request message validation
success or failure
Event type, RA User DN, Unique identity of issuer of data
failing validation (e.g., RAO user), time/date, identifiable
description of the request that failed validation, a
description of the validation failure (e.g., what was
revoked, as well as why and when it was revoked).
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 95 of 105
Auditable Event Event Description Contents
Certificate Request
Generated
A certificate request has been
generated signed and saved.
Event type, RA User DN, time/date, certificate request
data uniquely identifying the certificate request,
indication of the type of request (e.g., renewed certificate
request)
Certificate Request Sent A certificate request has been signed
and sent to the CA.
Event type, RA User DN, time/date, reference number,
request data, identification of CA to which the request
was sent
Received signed
certificate
A signed certificate was received and
stored in the RA database.
Event type, RA User DN, identification of CA certificate
was received from, time/date, reference number, issuer
DN, subject DN, serial number, certificate
Storage of received
certificate failed
A signed certificate was received but its
storage failed.
Event type, RA User DN, identification of CA certificate
was received from, time/date, reference number, issuer
DN, subject DN, serial number, certificate, reason for
failure
Revocation Request
Sent
A revocation request has been signed
and sent to the CA.
Event type, RA User DN, time/date, request data
including unique identity of revocation request message
including certificate revoked or suspended and the
revocation reason, identification of entity revocation
request was received from (e.g., RA eXchange, RAO),
identification of entity that revocation request was
received from and approved by (e.g., RA eXchange)
Received signed
revocation
A signed revocation message was
received and stored in the RA database.
Event type, RA User DN, identification of CA revocation
was received from, time/date, request data including
unique identity of revocation request message including
certificate revoked or suspended and the revocation
reason, identification of entity revocation request was
received from and approved by (e.g., RA eXchange)
Storage of received
revocation message
failed
A Signed revocation message was
received but its storage failed.
Event type, RA User DN, identification of CA revocation
was received from, time/date, request data, unique
identity of revocation message including certificate
revoked, reason for failure
RA has connected to a
CA
A connection to the CA has been
established.
Event type, RA User DN, identity of system accessing the
CA (e.g., identification of RA), time/date
RA has disconnected
from the CA
A connection to the CA has been
terminated.
Event type, RA User DN, identity of system disconnected
from the CA (e.g., identification of RA), time/date
RA is trying to connect
to a CA
Announce message sent to the CA. Event type, RA User DN, identity of the CA (e.g.,
identification of CA including port machine name),
time/date
PKI information is
received.
Event includes CRL, policies, auth groups
and PKI entities
Event type, RA User DN, identity of entity the policy was
received from, time/date, unique identity of policy
RA Event Viewer
Table 16 – RA event viewer audit events
Auditable Event Event Description Contents
Audit Archive An archive function has been performed
on the audit log in the RA database and
an audit log archive file has been
created.
Event type, RA Event Viewer user DN, time/date,
identification of audit log archive file created.
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RA eXchange (RAX)
Table 17 – RAX audit events
Auditable Event Event Description Contents
Signature Verification
Failure
Signature verification failed. Event type, Unique RA eXchange, or RA eXchange
interface identifier, identity of issuer of data failing
signature (e.g., end entity cert requester), time/date,
identifiable description of what failed verification (e.g.,
request data)
Certificate Request
Received
Certificate request is received. Event type, Unique RA eXchange or RA eXchange
interface identifier, certificate request data, time/date
Certificate Request Sent
for Authentication
Certificate request sent (stored) for
authentication
Event type, RA eXchange or RA eXchange interface
identifier, auth ID, issuer DN, subject DN, time/date
Received signed
certificate
A signed certificate was received. Event type, RA eXchange or RA eXchange interface
identifier, identification of RA certificate was received
from, time/date, reference number, issuer DN, subject
DN, serial number, certificate
Certificate Identity Data
Modified
A certificate’s identity data has been
modified; the new request is also
logged.
Event type, RA eXchange or RA eXchange interface
identifier, identification of RA certificate was received
from, time/date, reference number, issuer DN, subject
DN, date time.
A notification message
has been sent
A certificate rejection notice has been
sent to the requestor.
Event type, RA eXchange or RA eXchange interface
identifier, time/date, description of certificate, and end
user, reason the request was rejected, distribution
method (e.g., email), and address (e.g., email address)
Key Archive Server (KAS)
Table 18 – KAS audit events
Auditable Event Event Description Contents
Signature Verification Signature verification. Success or failure Event type, KAS identifier (e.g., DN), Unique identity of
issuer of data failing signature (e.g., CA identifier),
time/date, identifiable description of what failed
verification.
PKI information is
received.
Event includes CRL, policies, auth groups
and PKI entities
Event type, KAS identifier(e.g., DN), identity of entity the
policy was received from, time/date, unique identity of
policy
Key archive Key archive success or failure Event type, KAS identifier (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number, reason for failure
Key recover and
encrypt for requestor
Key recover and encrypt for requestor
success or failure
Event type, KAS identifier (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number, requesting entity identifier (e.g. KAO user) ,
reason for failure
LTSK generated A new LTSK has been generated Event type, KAS identifier (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number
Switched to new LTSK Switched to use new LTSK for archival Event type, KAS identifier (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number
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Key Archive Operator (KAO)
Table 19 – KAO audit events
Auditable Event Event Description Contents
Abort key archive
request
Abort key archive request Event type, KAO user (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number, subject name of certificate associated with Key,
reason for failure
Key archive request
sent
Key archive request sent (stored) Event type, KAO user (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number, subject name of certificate associated with Key
Received key archive
response
Key archive response received, success
or failure
Event type, KAO user (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number, subject name of certificate associated with Key,
reason for failure
Key recovery request
sent
Key recovery request sent (stored) Event type, KAO user (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number, subject name of certificate associated with Key
to be recovered.
Received key recovery
response
Key recovery response received, success
or failure
Event type, KAO user (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number, subject name of certificate associated with Key,
reason for failure
LTSK generation
request
LTSK generation request sent (stored) Event type, KAO user (e.g., DN), time/date, reference
number
Audit Archive An archive function has been performed
on the audit log in the KAS database and
an audit log archive file has been
created.
Event type, KAO user (e.g., DN), time/date, identification
of audit log archive file created.
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Annex C Subjects, attributes, objects and operations
TOE roles
Table 20 – TOE roles
Role May be
adopted by
(Possible) permissions
CAO User TOE user Create Registration Policy; Modify Policy; Import Policy; Retire Policy;
Withdraw Policy; Delete Policy; Create Authorization Group; Modify
Authorization Group; Retire Authorization Group; Create PKI; Resume
Key Generation; Create PKI Entity; Modify PKI Entity; Remove PKI Entity ;
Register Entity; Export Certificate; Revoke Certificate; Renew CA/PKI
Entity; Export CRL; Configure CAO; RAA and KAO Roles; Adopt the CAO
Auditor role; Adopt the CAO Audit Manager role.
CAO Audit Manager TOE user Archive Audit Log ; Adopt the CAO Auditor role.
CAO Auditor TOE user View Audit Log, Verify Audit Log
RA User TOE user Adopt the RA Audit Manager role; Adopt the RA Auditor role.
RA Audit Manager TOE user Adopt the RA Auditor role.
RA Auditor TOE user N/A
WebRAO User TOE user N/A
RRO TOE user N/A
KRO TOE user N/A
KAO User TOE user Archive end users’ private encryption keys; Recover end users’ private
encryption keys; Initiate re-generation of the LTSK; Adopt the KAO
Auditor role; Adopt the KAO Audit Manager role.
KAO Audit Manager TOE user Adopt the KAO Auditor role.
KAO Auditor TOE user N/A
End user End user N/A
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Subjects
For the following table, the definitions of certificate actions and cryptographic actions are as follows:
• Certificate actions – means that the user/subject can, limited by their assigned role:
o Register certificate requests, and check the status of these requests;
o Approve or reject a certificate request; and
o Approve or reject a revocation request; View certificates and certificate status.
• Cryptographic actions - means that the user/subject can (subject to the limitations of the policy
of the PKI system and knowledge of any required passphrase or PIN):
o Generate, distribute, access and destroy cryptographic keys; and
o Select cryptographic algorithms and key sizes.
Table 21 – Subjects and security attributes
User/Subject Attributes (plus Role and subset of permissions; Means of I&A)
CAO User Certificate actions, Cryptographic actions.
CAO Audit Manager Can query, verify and archive CA (i.e. both CA and CAO-produced) audit records (using the CAO).
CAO Auditor Can query and verify CA (i.e. CA and CAO-produced) audit records (using the CAO).
RA User
RA Audit Manager Can query, verify and archive RA audit records (i.e. RA, RAX, RA Event Viewer and WebRAO produced)
(using the RA Event Viewer).
RA Auditor Can query and verify RA audit records (i.e. RA, RAX, RA Event Viewer and WebRAO produced) (using
the RA Event Viewer).
WebRAO User Certificate actions; Cryptographic actions.
RRO Certificate actions; Cryptographic actions.
KRO Can recover archived keys.
KAO User Cryptographic actions; Can archive and recover keys.
KAO Audit Manager Can query and archive KAS (i.e. both KAS and KAO-produced) audit records (using the KAO).
KAO Auditor Can query KAS [i.e. both KAS and KAO-produced] audit records (using the KAO).
End user An end user cannot directly access objects controlled by the TSF. It can only send (and subsequently
receive) messages to and from the TOE, and retrieve published objects.
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Objects
The objects that the TSF is concerned with are specified in the following table, together with their
security attributes, and the operations that may be performed upon them.
The security attributes listed for an object refer to (a representation of) a property of that object which
is controlled by the TSF. Another representation of the same property may be part of the data which is
contained in the object; this may be TSF data or user data.
The operations that the TSF is concerned with, i.e. those listed in the table, are those “controlled”
operations which are covered by the PKI access SFP and the PKI messaging SFP. Other possible
operations on an object, e.g. reading or writing a message, are, in themselves, outside the scope of
those policies; however, they may be an implicit part of a controlled operation (e.g. a subject has to read
a message before deciding whether to accept or reject it).
For convenience, the table also includes an “object” identified as “TOE service”, which indicates a TOE
sub-component that provides a TOE service, namely the CA, Publisher, RA, RAX, CSS, KAS, Email Handler,
Autoenroll Handler and SCEP Handler sub-components. These have to be manually started by an
authorized TOE user (typically via the Service Manager utility).
Table 22 – Objects, security attributes and operations
Object Security Attributes Controlled operations (and notes)
Audit record Type, Originator, Signature Query; Archive
The type relates to the subcomponent that created the
record, i.e. CA, CAO, RA, RAX or RA Event Viewer
Certificate Owner; Issuer; Status Create; Modify status; Query status
The Status attribute indicates whether or not the
certificate is revoked or suspended, and whether or
not it is valid (in the RFC 5280 sense, i.e. the current
time is within its validity period)
CRL Owner; Issuer; Status Create; Publish
The Status attribute indicates whether or not the CRL is
valid (in the RFC 5280 sense, i.e. the current time is
within its validity period)
Private key Owner Generate, Distribute, Access, Destroy
PSE or P12 file Owner Generate, Distribute, Access, Destroy
Operational policy Owner Create; Modify
Registration policy Authorization Group Distribute; Access
PKI configuration Creator (CAO user); Version; Signature Create; Query
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Object Security Attributes Controlled operations (and notes)
Message Type; Originator; Signature Accept; Reject
An accepted message is operated on further according
to its type (see below), and can lead to an info flow
The Originator attribute includes a means of verifying
the signature (i.e. of obtaining the relevant certificate)
Request message Type; Originator; Signature; Status Authorize
Type indicates what is being requested, e,g, generate
and issue a certificate
Status is approved or rejected (or pending)
Response message Type; Originator; Signature; Result Type equates to that of a request message that has
undergone the Authorize operation (i.e. been
approved or not)
Result is request approved or rejected
Announce message Type; Originator; Signature Accept; Reject
End user info End user info is embedded in other objects (messages,
certificates), and if a subject is able to access and
operate on that object then it is implicitly able to
access and operate on the end user info (to the same
extent that it can access and operate on that object)
TOE service Certificate owned by the TOE subcomponent
that provides the service
Start
This operation can be performed only by a user/subject
that can provide POP of the private key that the
certificate is associated with.
Messages
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Table 23 –Receiving subjects and information flows
Receiving
subject
Valid sending subjects/ message types Message checks (and any other notes)
CA (server) RA: Announce, Certificate/renewal/revocation
request.
KAS: Announce.
CAO: Announce, Certificate/cross
certification/revocation request, CRL generation;
PKI configuration.
Verify message signature
Check message has not been replayed or delayed
Check that the certificate of the sending TOE
subcomponent is registered in the TOE PKI
system, has any necessary extensions, is neither
revoked nor suspended, and is valid (in the RFC
5280 sense, i.e. the current time is within its
validity period).
If these checks fail the CA will reject the
connection.
CAO CA: Certificate response, cross certification
response, revocation response, CRL, PKI
configuration
Verify message signature
Check message has not been replayed or delayed
Check that the certificate of the sending TOE
subcomponent is registered in the TOE PKI
system, has any necessary extensions, is neither
revoked nor suspended, and is valid (in the RFC
5280 sense, i.e. the current time is within its
validity period).
Publisher CA: CA certificate, CRL, EE certificate,
PKIEnrollmentService information, Certificate
templates for publication.
No message checks
CSS RA: Status request.
RAX: Status request.
Other TOE sub-component to CSS:
Certificate Status Information request.
No message checks
RA (server) CA: Response to RA Announce to CA,
Response to Certificate/renewal/revocation
request.
KAS: Response to Key Recovery request, Empty
Response to RA Announce to KAS.
Verify message signature
Check message has not been replayed or delayed
Check that the certificate of the sending TOE
subcomponent is registered in the TOE PKI
system, has any necessary extensions, is neither
revoked nor suspended, and is valid (in the RFC
5280 sense, i.e. the current time is within its
validity period).
RA (server) RAX: Certificate
details/registration/renewal/revocation request,
Key Recovery request.
Verify message signature
RA (server) CSS: Status response. No message checks
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Receiving
subject
Valid sending subjects/ message types Message checks (and any other notes)
WebRAO RAX: Certificate response, Certificate Details
response, Certificate Status response, Revocation
response, Key Recovery response.
No message checks
Web Handler RAX: Certificate response, Certificate Details
response, Certificate Status response, Revocation
response,
No message checks
Email Handler External system.
RAX: Certificate response, Notification request.
The Email Handler will accept any appropriately
formatted request from an external system.
SCEP Handler External system.
RAX: Certificate response, Certificate Status
response, Certificate Details response.
The SCEP Handler will accept any appropriately
formatted request from an external system.
RAX WebRAO, Web Handler:
Certificate/renewal/revocation request, request
authorization, Certificate Details, Status request
WebRAO:
Key Recovery request
Email Handler, SCEP Handler, Autoenroll Handler:
Certificate/renewal request; Certificate Details
request.
Certificate Status request
RA: PKI configuration
Check that the certificate of the sending TOE
subcomponent is registered in the TOE PKI
system, has any necessary extensions, is neither
revoked nor suspended, and is valid (in the RFC
5280 sense, i.e. the current time is within its
validity period).
Verify message signature (see FCO_NRO.2) If
these checks fail, the RAX will reject the
connection.
RA Event Viewer This sub component is a GUI for viewing and
archiving audit records
KAS RA: Announce, Key Archival request, Key
Recovery request
CA: PKI configuration
KAO: Key Archival request, Key Recovery
request; LTSK generation request.
Verify message signature
Check message has not been replayed or delayed
Check that the certificate of the sending TOE
subcomponent is registered in the TOE PKI
system, has any necessary extensions, is neither
revoked nor suspended, and is valid (in the RFC
5280 sense, i.e. the current time is within its
validity period).
If these checks fail, the KAS will reject the
connection.
Verizon UniCERT Security Target v0.8 105 of 105
Receiving
subject
Valid sending subjects/ message types Message checks (and any other notes)
KAO KAS: Key Archival response, Key Recovery
response.
Verify message signature
Check message has not been replayed or delayed
Check that the certificate of the sending TOE
subcomponent is registered in the TOE PKI
system, has any necessary extensions, is neither
revoked nor suspended, and is valid (in the RFC
5280 sense, i.e. the current time is within its
validity period).
Autoenroll Handler External system.
RAX: Certificate response, Certificate details
response
The Autoenroll Handler will accept any
appropriately formatted request from an external
system.
Autoenroll
Publisher
AutoEnroll Handler: CA certificate, CRL/ARL, EE
certificate, PKIEnrollmentService information,
Certificate Templates for publication
No message checks